燃料油：弱势震荡

Report Summary 1. Industry Investment Rating - Not provided in the report. 2. Core Views High-Sulfur Fuel Oil - Core View: Neutral with a slight positive bias. Recent drivers are on the supply side. OPEC+ is expected to increase production by about 550,000 barrels per day. Chevron has regained the license to produce oil in Venezuela, and Venezuelan crude oil shipments to Asia have decreased. As the deadline for the US-Russia agreement approaches and Russian refineries are attacked, the high-sulfur price is relatively supported. Attention should be paid to recent high-sulfur spot procurement and digestion, as well as tariff sanctions and crude oil quotas [4]. - Spread: Neutral with a slight negative bias. Affected by tariff sanctions, as the US-Russia negotiation deadline approaches and Russian oil exports are blocked, the supply risk premium rises. The high-sulfur spread fluctuates at a high level of around -$3 per ton, weaker than last week [4]. - Price Difference: Neutral with a slight negative bias. The decline in international crude oil prices drags down the fuel oil price [4]. - Supply: Negative. The global total shipment is expected to be loose. Western arbitrage cargoes are arriving in Singapore successively, and the arrivals in Singapore are high, with still large inventory pressure [4]. - Demand: Neutral with a slight negative bias. The power generation demand is gradually weakening [4]. - Inventory: Neutral. Singapore's fuel oil has started to destock but remains at a high level [4]. Low-Sulfur Fuel Oil - Core View: Neutral with a slight negative bias. OPEC+ continues to increase production, and the crude oil price weakens. In the short term, the low-sulfur fuel oil price is expected to fluctuate. The arrivals of low-sulfur fuel oil in Singapore in August are at a high level, and Kuwait's low-sulfur shipments are stable, with no obvious increase in low-sulfur supply. The low-sulfur market in China has sufficient supply, and the demand is dominated by rigid demand. The domestic marine fuel market is in a stalemate. In July, CNOOC's low-sulfur quota was exhausted, and the production scheduling expectations of Sinopec and PetroChina are weak. Attention should be paid to the recent adjustment or issuance of low-sulfur quotas [5]. - Spread: Neutral with a slight negative bias. Affected by tariff sanctions, as the US-Russia negotiation deadline approaches and Russian oil exports are blocked, the supply risk premium rises. The low-sulfur spread fluctuates slightly in the range of $8 - $9 per ton, slightly down from last week [5]. - Price Difference: Negative. The spot price difference of low-sulfur fuel oil is weak, and in the short term, it is under pressure. The price difference between high and low-sulfur fuel oils narrows [5]. - Supply: Neutral. The departures from Brazil in July and August are low. The early return of Dangote RFCC leads to a reduced expectation of low-sulfur supply. Continued attention should be paid to the arrivals [5]. - Demand: Neutral with a slight positive bias. The summer power generation demand for low-sulfur fuel oil is weakening, and the marine fuel demand is stable and improving, but due to sufficient supply, the bunkering profit is average [5]. - Inventory: Neutral. Singapore's fuel oil inventory remains at a high level [5]. 3. Summary by Relevant Catalogs Core Logic - Russia: In July, the offline refining capacity was adjusted upwards. From July to August, it reached the annual maintenance low, providing strong support for high-sulfur exports in the next three months. The offline primary refining capacity in August is expected to drop to 3.74 million tons (a month-on-month decrease of 260,000 tons). As of August 14, 2025, Russia's weekly high-sulfur exports are about 650,000 tons. The EU passed the 18th round of sanctions against Russia in July 2025, including a reduction in the Russian oil export price from $60 to $47.6 per barrel and a ban on new transactions of the Nord Stream 1 and 2 gas pipelines. The US imposed an additional 25% tariff on India, raising the tax rate to 50%. According to EA analysis, India may reduce its Russian crude oil imports to less than 1 million barrels per day [9]. - Latin America: As of August 10, 2025, the high-sulfur fuel oil exports from Latin America are about 270,000 tons, a month-on-month decrease. In July 2025, the crude oil processing volume of Mexican refineries increased slightly. On July 25, Chevron regained the license, and the crude oil flowing from Venezuela to Asia is expected to decrease. On August 7, 2025, a new coking unit of the Tula refinery started operation, with a residue processing capacity of 100,000 barrels per day. After the commissioning, the crude oil processing volume of Tula increased from the previous 150,000 tons per day to 170,000 barrels per day [11]. - Middle East: In July 2025, the high-sulfur fuel oil exports from the Middle East were 4.36 million tons, at a historical low for the same period. Saudi Arabia's high-sulfur fuel oil exports increased significantly to 210,000 tons in July (+34.5%), mainly shipped to Singapore, Malaysia, and South Asia. As of August 10, 2025, the floating storage of fuel oil in the Middle East increased slightly to 1.17 million tons (+140,000 tons). The power generation demand in July was not high. The tension in the Israel-Iran conflict has subsided, and there are no new variables in the high-sulfur fuel oil exports from the Middle East. The large-scale maintenance of Middle East refineries has ended, and the maintenance capacity of refineries in July was between 12.6 million and 18.9 million tons [14]. - Singapore: As of August 10, 2025, the floating storage of high-sulfur fuel oil in the Pan-Singapore region is about 1.18 million tons (a month-on-month increase of 60,000 tons), at a high level. This week, the arrivals of fuel oil in Singapore are 675,000 tons (a month-on-month increase of 100,000 tons), mainly from Russia and the Middle East. The departures are 100,000 tons (a month-on-month increase of 60,000 tons), mainly flowing to China and Southeast Asia [19][22]. - China: Shandong Province is piloting an increase in the tax refund amount for some independent refineries' fuel oil, and the expected increase in the fuel oil consumption tax deduction ratio is 25%, leading to a decline in the feedstock cost of fuel oil. Under the tax reform pilot, China's high-sulfur fuel oil imports rebounded from the low in May. The imports in June were about 1.05 million tons, and in July about 700,000 tons. As of August 10, 2025, the imports of high-sulfur fuel oil in China are about 390,000 tons (a month-on-month decrease of 140,000 tons) [37]. Inventory - As of August 15, 2025, the inventory in Singapore is 3.88 million tons (a month-on-month decrease of 260,000 tons), in the US 3.1 million tons (a month-on-month decrease of 10,000 tons), in Fujairah 1.16 million tons (a month-on-month decrease of 360,000 tons), in ARA 1.03 million tons (stable), and in Zhoushan 1.18 million tons (a decrease of 60,000 tons). As of August 14, 2025, the total fuel oil warehouse receipts are 80,710 tons (Yangshan Petroleum -5,000 tons, Sinochem Xingzhong -7,000 tons), and the total low-sulfur fuel oil warehouse receipts are 16,080 tons (Yangshan Petroleum -4,970 tons) [92][94][97].