原油专题：从三大机构差异，看2026年平衡表差异

Investment Rating - Industry Rating: Outperform the Market (Maintained Rating) [3] Core Insights - As of the latest October report, three major institutions (IEA, EIA, OPEC) all expect an oversupply in the crude oil market by 2026, but the extent of the oversupply varies significantly among them. IEA predicts the largest oversupply, primarily due to its highest expectations for supply-side increments and the lowest expectations for demand increments [10][12][13]. - The differences in supply forecasts among the institutions are largely attributed to varying views on OPEC's actual production capacity and the feedback effects of oil prices on production [2][15]. - The demand forecasts show significant uncertainty, particularly regarding China's inventory replenishment needs, which could impact overall demand projections [2][17]. Summary by Sections 1. Supply and Demand Balance Differences - All three institutions predict an oversupply in the crude oil market by 2026, with IEA forecasting a surplus of 4 million barrels per day, while EIA and OPEC have lower estimates of 2.07 million and 1.1 million barrels per day, respectively [13][45]. - The divergence in forecasts intensified after June, likely due to OPEC's unexpected acceleration in production [15] 2. Demand Forecast Differences - IEA's demand forecast is the weakest, reflecting concerns over tariff impacts and economic conditions in OECD countries, predicting a decline in oil demand [17][20]. - EIA maintains a more neutral stance, while OPEC is more optimistic about demand growth, particularly in the U.S. and OECD countries [22][26]. 3. Supply Side Differences - IEA expects the highest supply increment for 2026 at 2.4 million barrels per day, while OPEC's forecast is more conservative, focusing on non-OPEC supply increments [33][45]. - The U.S. shale oil production outlook is mixed, with IEA predicting a modest increase while EIA and OPEC express concerns over production declines due to economic pressures [38][39]. - OPEC+ is expected to increase production by 1.2 million barrels per day, but EIA suggests that actual increases may fall short of targets due to capacity limits and market conditions [45][48].