黑色金属月报：钢材宏观预期改善遇阻产业矛盾，钢价低位震荡-20251103

1. Report Industry Investment Rating No relevant content provided. 2. Core Views of the Report - In October, steel prices were slightly repaired at a low level boosted by the warming of macro - expectations. However, industrial contradictions have not been completely eliminated. Although the structural contradictions have slightly improved, the supply - demand gap in the steel sector remains at a relatively high level. The total inventory shows a seasonal decline. At the end of the month, under the background of production restrictions in Hebei, the output of the five major steel products continued to increase, weakening the driving force for price rebound. From a valuation perspective, the upside space of rebar is under pressure near the off - peak electricity cost. In November, the driving force is limited, and it is expected that the volatile pattern will be difficult to change. [6] 3. Summaries According to Related Catalogs 3.1 Supply - Demand Fundamentals - Price and Production Data: In October, domestic steel spot prices fluctuated slightly. As of the end of October, the price of rebar in East China's Shanghai was 3200 yuan, unchanged from the end of September; the price of hot - rolled coil was 3350 yuan, up 20 yuan/ton from the end of September. On October 30, the total output of the five major steel products increased by 9.97 tons, the factory inventory of the five major products decreased by 18.49 tons month - on - month, and the social inventory decreased by 22.62 tons. The apparent demand was 916.4 tons, an increase of 23.69 tons month - on - month. [5] - Profit Data: As of October 31, in the long - process spot end, the cash - inclusive cost of long - process rebar in East China was 3196.5 yuan, with a point - to - point profit of about 3.5 yuan, and the long - process cash - inclusive profit of hot - rolled coil was about 33.5 yuan. In the electric - arc furnace end, the flat - rate electricity cost of electric - arc furnaces in East China was about 3331 yuan, and the off - peak electricity cost was about 3189 yuan. The flat - rate electricity profit of rebar in East China was about - 171 yuan, and the off - peak electricity profit was about - 29 yuan. [5] - Scrap Steel Data: As of October 30, the price of scrap steel in Zhangjiagang was 2160 yuan/ton, up 20 yuan/ton month - on - month. The capacity utilization rate of 89 independent electric - arc furnace enterprises was 33.6%, up 0.6 percentage points month - on - month. The daily consumption of 255 sample steel mills was 51.2 tons, down 0.15 tons month - on - month. Among them, the daily consumption of 132 long - process steel mills was 25 tons/day, up 0.04 tons month - on - month; the daily consumption of short - process steel mills was 16.7 tons, up 0.18 tons month - on - month, an increase of 1.1%. In terms of supply, the average daily arrival of 255 sample steel mills was 47.3 tons, down 1.26 tons month - on - month, a decrease of 2.6%. In terms of inventory, the total scrap steel inventory of 255 steel enterprises was 469.7 tons, down 3.7 tons month - on - month, a decrease of 0.8%. [6] 3.2 Macroeconomic Data - Steel Production: In 2024, the national crude steel output was 1.005 billion tons, a decrease of 13.99 million tons or 1.7% compared with 2023; the pig iron output was 852 million tons, a decrease of 13.27 million tons or 2.3% compared with 2023. From January to September 2025, the cumulative output of pig iron was 646 million tons, a decrease of 1.1% compared with the same period in 2024, and the cumulative output of crude steel was 746 million tons, a decrease of 2.9% compared with the same period in 2024. [14] - PMI Index: In October 2025, the PMI was 49%. Compared with September 2025, multiple sub - indicators showed declines, such as the production index decreased by 2.2, the new order index decreased by 0.9, etc. [19] - Investment Data: From January to September 2025, the national fixed - asset investment (excluding rural households) was 3,715.35 billion yuan, a year - on - year decrease of 0.5%. In September, infrastructure investment (excluding electricity, heat, gas, and water production and supply industries) decreased by 4.65% year - on - year; manufacturing investment decreased by 1.92% year - on - year; real estate development investment decreased by 21.28% year - on - year. [23] - Real Estate Data: From January to September, the floor area under construction of real estate development enterprises was 6,485.8 million square meters, a year - on - year decrease of 9.4%. The new construction area was 453.99 million square meters, a year - on - year decrease of 18.9%. The completed floor area was 311.29 million square meters, a year - on - year decrease of 15.3%. [26] 3.3 Product - Specific Data - Rebar: This week, the original sample rebar output was 212.59 tons (+5.52 tons), including 183.08 tons of long - process output (+3.94 tons) and 29.51 tons of short - process output (+1.58 tons). The factory inventory was 171.71 tons (-12.92 tons), the social inventory was 430.81 tons (-6.67 tons), and the total inventory was 602.52 tons (-19.59 tons). [55][72] - Hot - Rolled Coil: This week, the hot - rolled coil output was 323.56 tons, a month - on - month increase of 1.1 tons; the apparent demand was 331.89 tons, a month - on - month increase of 5.16 tons. In terms of inventory, the factory inventory increased by 0.31 tons, the social inventory decreased by 8.64 tons, and the total inventory decreased by 8.33 tons. [75] - Export: As of October 24, the FOB export price in China was 440 US dollars, and the export profit was - 32.3 US dollars (-4.8 US dollars). The outbound volume of 32 major domestic ports was 342.19 tons, a month - on - month increase of 109.98 tons, a growth rate of 37.5%. [86]