固收深度报告20251104：“低利率”和“低波动”环境下的活跃券利差交易策略

Group 1 - The report discusses the emergence of active bond yield spreads, defined as the difference in yields between newly issued bonds (active bonds) and older bonds, primarily due to the liquidity premium associated with new bonds [7][18]. - It identifies three key patterns observed since 2016 regarding the trading volume and transaction amounts of 10-year government bonds and policy bank bonds, highlighting that the trading volume of new bonds is significantly higher than that of older bonds [7][18]. - The report notes that the trading volume of 30-year government bonds has increased significantly since 2024, indicating a growing institutional interest in ultra-long bonds [7][18]. Group 2 - The report analyzes the convergence patterns of active bond yield spreads, noting that after each switch of active bonds, the yield spread typically exhibits an inverted "V" shape, initially widening before gradually narrowing [27][31]. - It emphasizes that the speed and extent of convergence can vary under different market conditions, influenced by the behavior of trading and allocation participants [31][34]. - The report suggests that in a low-rate environment, allocation demand drives the market, leading to a "hold" mentality that increases prices and decreases yields on older bonds, potentially resulting in negative yield spreads [34][42]. Group 3 - The report proposes a trading strategy based on the active bond yield spread, recommending a "long old bonds, short new bonds" approach, while considering borrowing costs and potential returns during the convergence of yield spreads [45][49]. - It estimates that the borrowing cost for this strategy is approximately 40 basis points, and the active bond yield spread needs to be around 5 basis points to cover these costs [45][49]. - The report concludes that the active bond yield spread trading strategy remains profitable, with the maximum yield spread observed since 2023 being around 9.8 basis points [45][49].