铜周报：流动性担忧引发铜价短线回调-20251110

1. Report Industry Investment Rating - Not provided in the document 2. Core View of the Report - In the short - term, concerns about liquidity due to the US government shutdown and negative feedback from high copper prices have caused copper prices to fall from their highs. However, in the long - term, the tight supply of copper mines is difficult to ease, and emerging consumption such as energy storage and AI has become a growth point. It is still recommended to adopt a strategy of buying on dips. Long - term non - US supply is generally tight, and after the inventory declines later, inter - period positive spreads (buying near - term and selling far - term) can be considered. After the import ratio rebounds, there are also opportunities for inter - market positive spreads [7][9][10] 3. Summary by Relevant Catalogs 3.1 Comprehensive Analysis and Trading Strategy - Macro - aspect: The record - high shutdown of the US government has increased short - term liquidity concerns in the market, and the uncertainty of a December interest rate cut has led to a rebound in the US dollar index, putting pressure on copper prices. But in the long - run, the expectation of US monetary easing remains unchanged, and the short - term liquidity problem will be resolved after the government reopens [7] - Copper Mine: In September, China imported 258.7 million tons of copper ore and concentrates, and the cumulative import volume from January to September was 2,263.4 million tons, a year - on - year increase of 7.7%. Supply - side disturbances in copper mines have increased, with the production of Grasberg, QB Phase II, etc. falling short of expectations. On November 7, the SMM imported copper concentrate index (weekly) was - 42.04 US dollars per ton, an increase of 0.11 US dollars per ton from the previous period [7][30] - Scrap Copper: As of Friday, the refined - scrap copper price difference was 2,988 yuan per ton. The operating rate of recycled copper rod enterprises this week was 27.57%, up 4.77 percentage points from last week and 2.65 percentage points year - on - year. Due to the uncertainty of the tax refund policy, most recycled copper rod enterprises in Jiangxi have stopped production, resulting in a strong demand for taxed scrap copper raw materials, and most of the taxed scrap copper raw materials in Ningbo and Guangdong are transported to Jiangxi. From January to September 2025, the domestic supply of scrap copper increased by 4.18%. In September, China imported 21.23 million tons of scrap copper, and the cumulative import volume from January to September was 169.89 million tons, a year - on - year increase of 1.53% [38][42] - Refined Copper: In October, SMM's electrolytic copper production in China decreased by 2.94 million tons month - on - month, a month - on - month decrease of 2.62% and a year - on - year increase of 9.63%. The cumulative increase was 11.96%. SMM expects that in November, electrolytic copper production will decrease by 0.4 million tons month - on - month, a decrease of 0.37% and a year - on - year increase of 8.21%. The cumulative year - on - year increase is 11.62%. In December, after the concentrated maintenance in October and November, production may increase slightly, but some smelters have a low willingness to increase production due to high copper prices [5][48] - Consumption: Domestically, demand has weakened marginally. The real estate market continues to drag down the market, and the production schedules of photovoltaic and air - conditioning industries have declined significantly. The main support for the market in the later stage comes from orders from the two power grids, the automotive industry, and energy - storage batteries. Downstream buyers have a low acceptance of high prices, but there is an increase in purchases around 85,000 yuan per ton [6] - Inventory: As of November 6, the copper inventory in the mainstream regions of China increased by 0.32 million tons to 20.33 million tons compared with Monday, and increased by 2.07 million tons compared with last Thursday, showing a continuous 5 - week weekly inventory accumulation. The bonded - area inventory decreased by 0.03 million tons to 8.82 million tons. As of November 7, the LME inventory decreased to 13.5 million tons, but it is expected to increase later. The COMEX inventory has increased to over 35 million tons, and the COMEX - LME price difference is maintained at 3% - 4% [10][14][17] - Price Difference and Ratio: The COMEX - LME price difference is maintained at 3% - 4%, and a large amount of copper from South America is still being shipped to the US. It is recommended to consider inter - period positive spreads (buying near - term and selling far - term) after the inventory declines later. After the previous export window opened, the LME inventory is expected to increase periodically, and the import ratio may rebound slightly. After the ratio rebounds, there are opportunities for inter - market positive spreads [10] 3.2 Copper Price Trends in 2025 - Throughout the year, copper prices have been affected by multiple factors such as US trade policies, production plan adjustments of major mines, and supply - side disturbances. For example, in March, the US imposed a 25% tariff on copper, which drove up copper prices; in April, due to the US imposing reciprocal tariffs globally, copper prices plummeted panic - stricken; in September, Grasberg adjusted its production plan [12][13] 3.3 Copper Market Data - Copper Concentrate Market: In August 2025, the global copper concentrate production decreased. In Peru, the copper production from January to August was about 1.81 million tons, a year - on - year increase of 2.6%. In August, the copper production was 419.8 tons, a month - on - month decrease of 4.94% and a year - on - year decrease of 10.05%. In Chile, due to a collapse accident in a new mining area of the world's largest underground copper mine in July, the state - owned copper company Codelco lowered its annual copper production forecast [31][32][36] - Scrap Copper Market: As of Friday, the refined - scrap copper price difference was 2,988 yuan per ton. The operating rate of recycled copper rod enterprises this week was 27.57%, up 4.77 percentage points from last week and 2.65 percentage points year - on - year. Due to the uncertainty of the tax refund policy, most recycled copper rod enterprises in Jiangxi have stopped production, resulting in a strong demand for taxed scrap copper raw materials, and most of the taxed scrap copper raw materials in Ningbo and Guangdong are transported to Jiangxi [38] - Crude Copper Market: In July 2025, the crude copper production was 1.0585 million tons, a year - on - year increase of 20.6%. From January to July, the cumulative production was 6.9996 million tons, a year - on - year increase of 12.76%. In September, China imported 50,100 tons of anode copper, a year - on - year decrease of 32.84%. From January to September, the cumulative import of anode copper was 578,700 tons, a cumulative year - on - year decrease of 15.58% [44][46] - Domestic Copper Supply: In October, SMM's electrolytic copper production in China decreased by 2.94 million tons month - on - month, a month - on - month decrease of 2.62% and a year - on - year increase of 9.63%. The cumulative increase was 11.96%. SMM expects that in November, electrolytic copper production will decrease by 0.4 million tons month - on - month, a decrease of 0.37% and a year - on - year increase of 8.21%. The cumulative year - on - year increase is 11.62%. From January to September, China imported 2.5416 million tons of refined copper, a cumulative year - on - year decrease of 4.06%; the export of refined copper was 489,500 tons, a year - on - year increase of 28.15% [48][52] - Downstream Operating Rates: In October, the operating rates of refined - copper rod, copper tube, enameled wire, and copper cable enterprises all decreased month - on - month, but are expected to increase slightly in November. The operating rate of copper foil enterprises increased in October and is expected to continue to rise in November. The operating rate of SMM's copper plate and strip enterprises decreased slightly in October and is expected to increase slightly in November [58] - Consumption Areas - Air - Conditioning Consumption: In September 2025, China's domestic air - conditioning production was 10.567 million units, a year - on - year decrease of 13.5%; sales were 10.884 million units, a year - on - year decrease of 10.2%. In November, the production schedule of domestic air - conditioners was 12.76 million units, a year - on - year decrease of 23.7% [62] - Automobile Consumption: In September, automobile production and sales were 3.276 million and 3.226 million units respectively, a month - on - month increase of 16.4% and 12.9% and a year - on - year increase of 17.1% and 14.9%. From January to September, automobile production and sales were 24.333 million and 24.363 million units respectively, a year - on - year increase of 13.3% and 12.9%. From January to September, the production and sales of new - energy vehicles were 11.243 million and 11.228 million units respectively, a year - on - year increase of 35.2% and 34.9% [66] - Power Grid Investment: From January to September 2025, China's power grid investment reached 437.8 billion yuan, a year - on - year increase of 9.9%, but the growth rate dropped significantly compared with that from January to August [69] - Real Estate Market: From January to September 2025, the sales area of newly - built commercial housing in China was 658 million square meters, a year - on - year decrease of 5.5%; the housing completion area was 311 million square meters, a year - on - year decrease of 15.3% [70][74] - Overseas Data: In the US, the sales of newly - built houses and the number of newly - started private residential buildings, as well as automobile sales, and in Europe, the registration volume of passenger cars all show certain trends and changes [76][77] - Photovoltaic and Wind Power: From January to September 2025, China's new photovoltaic installed capacity was 240.27GW, a year - on - year increase of 79.39GW or 49.34%. From January to September, the new wind - power installed capacity was 61.09GW, a year - on - year increase of 21.97GW or 56.16% [80] - Global New - Energy Vehicle Sales: In August 2025, the global new - energy vehicle sales were 1.7134 million units, a year - on - year increase of 16.97%. From January to September, the new - energy vehicle sales in the US were 1.2903 million units, a year - on - year increase of 10.01% [87] 3.4 Industry News and Macro Data - In October, SMM's electrolytic copper production in China decreased month - on - month. The CSPT group did not set a TC guidance price for the fourth quarter in its third - quarter meeting. Indonesia granted Amman Mining a 400,000 - ton copper - concentrate export quota. The US and euro - zone manufacturing PMIs showed different trends. Anglo Asian Mining signed a sales contract for copper concentrates. Glencore plans to shut down a smelter in Canada. Codelco lowered its annual copper production forecast. The US government shutdown has affected market liquidity. The US employment market has shown signs of stabilization. The US included copper in its new critical - mineral list. The Fed's December interest - rate cut direction is unclear. Tanzania reopened its border with Zambia [88]