宏观经济专题研究：治钟摆下的美联储：FOMC票委换届前瞻

Group 1: FOMC Structure and Independence - The FOMC consists of 7 governors and 5 regional Fed presidents, shaping monetary policy and influencing global capital prices[1] - The upcoming 2026 FOMC personnel changes will be a critical turning point for policy direction and institutional independence[2] - Current governors include three "core dependent" members appointed by Trump, while three others maintain traditional independence, with Powell in a balancing role[2] Group 2: Political Influence and Future Projections - Trump's administration has challenged the independence of the Fed, exerting pressure on Powell and attempting to influence board appointments[1] - The report predicts two interest rate cuts in 2026, with the federal funds rate expected to fall to 3%-3.25%[3] - The Fed is likely to enter a phase of "political rate cuts," increasing uncertainty in decision-making frameworks[2] Group 3: Economic Indicators - Fixed asset investment has decreased by 1.70% year-on-year[5] - Retail sales have increased by 2.90% year-on-year, while exports have declined by 1.10% year-on-year[5] - M2 money supply growth stands at 8.21%[5] Group 4: Risks and Market Dynamics - Risks include potential turmoil in overseas markets and uncertainties in domestic policy execution[4] - The Fed's decision-making may face increased internal divisions, complicating consensus-building among committee members[2]