不那么鹰派的降息，扩表重启初始规模超预期

1. Report Industry Investment Rating - Not mentioned in the provided content 2. Core Viewpoints of the Report - The Fed cut interest rates by 25 basis points as expected, but the overall tone was less hawkish than market expectations. This meeting is conducive to pushing down short - term interest rates and the US dollar index, and driving up risk assets and commodities. The long - term trend of the interest rate curve may face upward pressure due to the impact of technological revolution on the neutral interest rate [2][7] - The report expects two interest rate cuts next year, mainly because the dovish tone of this meeting shows the weakening of the hawkish camp, and the new candidates after the personnel change of the Fed next year tend to be dovish [7] 3. Summary by Relevant Catalogs 3.1 Fed Meeting Results - Interest Rate Decision: The Fed cut the federal funds rate target range by 25 basis points to 3 - 3/4 percent. Three people voted against the decision, with Miran asking for a 50 - basis - point rate cut and Goolsbee and Schmid believing there should be no rate cut [2][5][12] - Policy Outlook: The meeting statement re - introduced the expression "in considering the extent and timing of...", indicating that future decisions will remain flexible, and consecutive rate cuts are no longer the baseline scenario [3] - Economic Situation Assessment: The statement removed the expression "the unemployment rate remained low", indicating that the Fed is worried about the current unemployment rate [3] - Balance Sheet Policy: In December, the technical expansion of the balance sheet (RMP) was launched, with an initial monthly purchase of $40 billion in T - Bills (including coupon - bearing Treasury bonds within 3 years if necessary), and the high - level purchase will be maintained until the tax season in April. The Fed also removed the upper limit on the use of the Standing Repurchase Facility (SRF) [3] - Dot Plot: It shows that the interest rate path is the same as in September. The GDP forecast for 2026 was significantly raised, but it did not drive down the unemployment rate forecast. The dot plot still maintains the interest rate cut path, with one rate cut each in 2026 and 2027 [3][6] 3.2 Press Conference Highlights - Interest Rate Stance: Powell said that interest rate hikes are not under consideration [4] - Employment Situation: Powell said that the risk in the employment market has increased. From June to September, the unemployment rate rose by 0.3%. After considering the QCEW correction, the actual monthly new employment was - 20,000 people [4] - Inflation Viewpoint: Powell continues to hold the view that inflation is temporary. Current service inflation is falling, but it is offset by the rising commodity inflation driven by tariffs. He expects that if there are no new tariffs, commodity inflation should peak in the first quarter of next year and start to decline in the second half of next year [11] 3.3 Market Impact - After the meeting, the 2 - year, 5 - year, and 10 - year Treasury bond yields fell by 8, 6, and 4 basis points respectively. The Bloomberg US dollar index fell 0.44%. The S&P 500 and Nasdaq indexes rose 0.67% and 0.33% respectively, and gold rebounded [7] 3.4 Economic Forecast Changes | Indicator | 12 - Month Forecast | 9 - Month Forecast | Change | | --- | --- | --- | --- | | Real GDP | 2025: 1.7%; 2026: 2.3%; 2027: 2.0%; 2028: 1.9%; Long - term: 1.8% | 2025: 1.6%; 2026: 1.8%; 2027: 1.9%; 2028: 1.8%; Long - term: 1.8% | 2025: +0.1; 2026: +0.5; 2027: +0.1; 2028: +0.1 | | Unemployment Rate | 2025: 4.5%; 2026: 4.4%; 2027: 4.2%; 2028: 4.2%; Long - term: 4.2% | 2025: 4.5%; 2026: 4.4%; 2027: 4.3%; 2028: 4.2%; Long - term: 4.2% | 2027: (0.1) | | PCE Inflation | 2025: 2.9%; 2026: 2.4%; 2027: 2.1%; 2028: 2.0%; Long - term: 2.0% | 2025: 3.0%; 2026: 2.6%; 2027: 2.1%; 2028: 2.0%; Long - term: 2.0% | 2025: (0.1); 2026: (0.2) | | Core PCE Inflation | 2025: 3.0%; 2026: 2.5%; 2027: 2.1%; 2028: 2.0% | 2025: 3.1%; 2026: 2.6%; 2027: 2.1%; 2028: 2.0% | 2025: (0.1); 2026: (0.1) | | Interest Rate Cut Range | 2025: Cut by 75 basis points; 2026: Cut by 25 basis points; 2027: Cut by 25 basis points | 2025: Cut by 75 basis points; 2026: Cut by 25 basis points; 2027: Cut by 25 basis points | 2025: The annual interest rate cut range remains unchanged; 2026: The annual interest rate cut range remains unchanged; 2027: The annual interest rate cut range remains unchanged | [9]