美国11月非农：就业持续放缓，但“缓而不衰”

Employment Data Summary - In November, the U.S. non-farm payrolls increased by 64,000, slightly above the expected 50,000, while the unemployment rate rose to 4.6%, higher than the anticipated 4.5%[1] - The October non-farm payrolls were revised to a decrease of 105,000 due to significant federal government employee losses during the government shutdown[1] - The September non-farm payrolls were also revised down from 119,000 to 108,000[1] Sector Performance - In November, the goods-producing sector added 19,000 jobs, with construction contributing 28,000 jobs, indicating a recovery in the housing cycle[2] - The service sector added 50,000 jobs, down from 61,000 in the previous month, with notable declines in transportation, warehousing, and leisure and hospitality sectors[2] - Government employment continued to decline, with a loss of 5,000 jobs in November following a loss of 157,000 in October[2] Economic Impact of Government Shutdown - The October government shutdown had broader impacts beyond government employment, affecting private sector job growth, which fell from 104,000 in September to 52,000 in October[3] - Retail sales in October showed no growth, indicating a temporary contraction in overall economic demand due to the shutdown[3] Labor Market Dynamics - The labor force participation rate increased to 62.5% in November, up from 62.4% in October, driven by a rise in employment among the 16-24 age group[4] - Job vacancy rates remained stable at 4.6%, suggesting a slight easing in recruitment demand[4] Unemployment Trends - The U6 unemployment rate rose significantly to 8.7% from 8.0% in September, with part-time employment due to economic reasons increasing to 7.831 million[5] - Initial claims for unemployment benefits rose to 236,000, indicating a potential increase in unemployment risks[5] Market Reactions and Future Outlook - Following the employment data release, market expectations for interest rate cuts in 2026 increased slightly, with the average expected cut rising from 55.4 basis points to 59.3 basis points[6] - The likelihood of a rate cut in March 2026 rose from 49.5% to 53.2%, reflecting growing confidence in potential monetary easing[6]