2026年铜期货年度行情展望：破局与重构格局下，配置逻辑再演绎

1. Report Industry Investment Rating - Not provided in the document 2. Core Viewpoints of the Report - The copper price is expected to remain strong in 2026 with potential for further increase, mainly due to the Federal Reserve's interest rate cuts supporting the economy and the supply - demand gap. [2][200] - From a macro perspective, the Federal Reserve's monetary policy will continue to be loose, leading to a marginal improvement in liquidity. [2] - From a micro perspective, there are structural changes in both the supply and demand of refined copper, and the supply - demand situation will shift from surplus in 2025 to a deficit in 2026. [2] 3. Summary According to the Table of Contents 3.1 2025 Copper Price Trend Review 3.1.1 Copper Price Review: Increased Volatility and Higher Central Value - In 2025, the copper price first declined and then rose, reaching a new historical high. The LME 3 - month copper price increased by 15.37% from the beginning of the year to March 26, then fell by 11.05%, and finally rose by 31.13% as of December 12. The Shanghai Copper Index also increased, but its annual increase was lower than that of the LME copper. [6][7] 3.1.2 Driving Logic: Supply - Demand Imbalance and Structural Changes - The core driving logic of the price is the continuous fermentation of rigid supply constraints, demand structure changes, and macro - policy support, which attracted a large amount of capital to participate in copper futures trading. [10] - Supply - side tensions were continuously fermented and gradually spread to the smelting end. Multiple large - scale copper mines had unexpected production cuts and shutdowns, and the supply of scrap copper was weaker than expected. [12][17] - Demand shifted from the real - world logic to the expected logic. In the first half of the year, domestic copper consumption continued to rise, but in the second half, high copper prices began to suppress downstream demand, and the market started trading on consumption expectations. [18][20] - The global monetary policy turned to be loose, which was an important macro - support for copper prices. However, Trump's tariff policy and the U.S. government shutdown increased price volatility. [21] 3.2 U.S. Economic Soft Landing and Federal Reserve Interest Rate Cuts, Supporting the Price of Risk Assets - In 2026, the U.S. economic resilience, Federal Reserve interest rate cuts, and structural consumption will continue to affect the copper price, providing support at the bottom and a ceiling at the top. [24] - The U.S. economy may achieve a soft landing, with consumption showing a trend of moderate positive growth, investment presenting a structural change, and net exports maintaining a large deficit but with a reduced drag on GDP. [24][25][27] - The Federal Reserve's monetary policy will continue to be loose, with interest rates likely to decline overall. This will reduce the risk - free rate, increase the valuation of risk assets, and support economic growth, which will also drive up the copper price. [29][32] 3.3 Fundamentals: The Expectation of Marginal Consumption Recovery is Strengthening, and the Logic of Supply Tightness is Spreading to the Smelting End 3.3.1 New - Quality Productivity and the New - Energy Industry Significantly Contribute to the Increment of Copper Consumption - AI drives the potential of U.S. copper consumption, and the U.S. has a high tolerance for copper price increases. It is estimated that the AI computing power centers in the U.S. will drive an additional copper consumption of 4.73 million tons in 2026. [37][42] - Policy - driven new - energy industries are developing strongly, with an increasing copper consumption. It is expected that the global new - energy industry will have a copper consumption increment of 32.06 million tons in 2026. [54] - China's "14th Five - Year Plan" supports the development of new - quality productivity, and power grid investment is an important engine for copper consumption growth. It is estimated that the power grid investment will drive a copper consumption increment of 31.84 million tons in 2026. [81][84] 3.3.2 Traditional Industries' Copper Consumption Continues to Increase, but with Significant Differences Among Countries - China's policies support the traditional industries, but the growth rate of copper consumption is slowing down. The real - estate market will continue to adjust, and the consumption of traditional fuel - powered vehicles will decline. It is estimated that the traditional industries in China will have a copper consumption decrease of 7.62 million tons in 2026. [89][90][101] - The U.S. and Europe have cut interest rates multiple times, supporting the moderate development of traditional industries. The U.S. real - estate market is expected to recover in 2026, and the European copper demand will increase due to grid transformation and other factors. [109][120] - Japan's traditional industries face uncertainties in recovery, while South Korea's traditional industries face pressure but receive strong policy support. [126][129] - Developing and emerging countries have a significant increment in copper consumption. Southeast Asia has become a world economic growth pole, India's economy is growing at a relatively high speed, the Middle East is transforming from resource - dependence to diversification, South America's economy is growing moderately, and Africa is promoting growth and reducing poverty. [131][134][142] 3.3.3 Tight Raw - Material Supply and Excessive Expansion of Smelting Capacity - The production of copper mines is highly disturbed, and the output is lower than expected. It is estimated that the global copper mine output will increase by 68 million tons in 2026, but the available copper concentrate increment in the market will be about 51 million tons. [151][157] - The domestic supply of scrap copper increases, but the growth rate of scrap - copper imports slows down. It is estimated that the domestic scrap - copper supply will increase by 15 million tons in 2026, and the scrap - copper import volume will be the same as in 2025. [168][177] - China's copper smelting capacity is expanding, and the copper output is increasing significantly. It is estimated that the domestic refined - copper output will increase by 68.75 million tons in 2026, while the overseas electrolytic - copper output will only decrease by less than 3 million tons. [185][190] 3.3.4 Balance Sheet: It is Expected that the Global Copper Supply will be in Surplus in 2025 but in a Large Deficit in 2026 - It is expected that the global copper mine supply will be in shortage from 2025 to 2026, affecting the refined - copper output and changing the supply situation from surplus to deficit. In 2025, the global refined - copper supply will have a surplus of 9.1 million tons, while in 2026, it will have a deficit of 19.7 million tons. [198] 3.4 Conclusion and Investment Outlook 3.4.1 Logic of the Copper Price in 2026: Macro - Level Support from Federal Reserve Interest Rate Cuts and Micro - Level Supply - Demand Gap - The copper price is expected to remain strong in 2026, with potential for further increase. The Federal Reserve's interest rate cuts will support the economy, and the supply - demand gap will also drive up the price. [200] 3.4.2 Investment Outlook - Unilateral trading: Multiple logics drive the price to remain strong. The Federal Reserve's interest rate cuts and the supply - demand gap support the price. In terms of rhythm, the price is more likely to be strong in the first half of the year, and the increment of refined copper from Indonesian mines in the second half may limit the upside space. However, market capital, U.S. copper tariff policy expectations, and the pricing of emerging industries are still conducive to increasing the upward volatility of the price. [204][205] - Arbitrage trading: There is a certainty in the term positive arbitrage of Shanghai Copper and LME Copper. The de - stocking of global copper inventories in 2026 and the price difference between COMEX and LME copper will drive the trade. The internal - external reverse and positive arbitrage are stage - based trades. Each has its own logic and risk points. [208][209]