碳酸锂年报：供需平衡逆转，锂价重心上移

1. Report Industry Investment Rating No information about the industry investment rating is provided in the report. 2. Core Viewpoints of the Report - The global lithium resource supply is growing rapidly, and it is expected to reach 2.09 million tons of LCE in 2026, a year - on - year increase of about 24.4%. The supply - demand relationship in the lithium carbonate market is evolving from "oversupply" to "tight balance" and even "structural shortage." [1][3] - The demand for energy storage is expected to grow explosively, with the global energy - storage shipment and installation volume expected to increase by 51% and 60% year - on - year to 930GWh and 480GWh respectively in 2026. The demand for new energy vehicles will grow steadily, with the global sales volume expected to reach 24.45 million vehicles, a year - on - year increase of 12%. [2] - The cost influence in the trading logic of lithium carbonate has significantly decreased, and the price is more sensitive to upward drivers. The average price of lithium carbonate in 2026 is expected to rise further. [3] 3. Summary According to the Directory 3.1 2025 Market Review - Market Price Review: In 2025, the price of lithium carbonate showed a "V - shaped" rebound, with a continuous decline in the first half of the year and a strong rebound in the second half. The core driver shifted from "oversupply" to "supply - demand mismatch" caused by unexpected energy - storage demand and supply disturbances. [6] - Fundamental Logic Review: The "supply - demand mismatch" caused by supply disturbances and the explosion of energy - storage demand led the market to shift from oversupply to balance reversal. The influence of cost logic on prices decreased significantly. [8][13] 3.2 Supply Maintaining Rapid Growth (+24%) - Lithium Resource Supply Continuously Increasing, Project Release Accelerating Due to Profit Recovery: The global lithium resource planned production capacity has been accelerating for several years. Although there were disturbances in 2025, the global supply is expected to increase by 24% to 1.61 million tons of LCE. In 2026, it is expected to reach 2.09 million tons of LCE, a year - on - year increase of about 24.4%. [19][21] - Significant Disturbances from Domestic Mines and Anti - involution Policies, Continuous High - growth in Lithium Carbonate Production: In 2025, China's lithium ore reserves increased significantly. The domestic lithium carbonate smelting production capacity is expected to increase by 38.86% to 1.347 million tons of LCE in 2026. [24] 3.3 Lithium - battery Industry Chain Amplifying Demand Growth Rate - Significant Growth in Cathode Material Production, Lithium Iron Phosphate Dominating: In 2025, the production of cathode materials and electrolytes increased significantly. Lithium iron phosphate accounted for more than 80% of the market share, mainly due to the high growth of new energy vehicles and the explosive growth of energy - storage demand. [50] - Strong Growth in the Lithium - battery Industry, China Dominating Globally: In the first three quarters of 2025, the global power - battery installation volume increased by 35.5% year - on - year. Chinese battery companies occupied a dominant position globally. China is the world's largest producer and consumer of lithium batteries, with healthy supply - demand relationships and strong export performance. [58][66][67] 3.4 Energy - storage Demand Prospects for Explosive Growth (+51%) - High - speed Growth in Energy - storage Battery Shipment in 2025: In 2025, the global energy - storage battery shipment is expected to increase by 65% year - on - year to 610GWh. In 2026, the energy - storage cell shipment is expected to increase by 51% year - on - year to 930GW. [85] - Energy - storage Entering a Definite High - growth Period: Driven by policies and market mechanisms, the Chinese energy - storage market is in a high - growth period. Overseas energy - storage orders are also increasing significantly. It is expected that the global energy - storage installation volume will reach 480GWh in 2026, a year - on - year increase of 60%. [92][97][100] 3.5 New Energy Vehicle Demand Growing Steadily (+18%) - New Energy Vehicle High - growth Reaching an Inflection Point: In 2025, the production and sales of new energy vehicles in China increased significantly. Globally, the sales volume of new energy vehicles is expected to reach 21.65 million, a year - on - year increase of 22%. In 2026, the global sales volume is expected to reach 24.45 million, a year - on - year increase of 12%. [106][109][116] - High Terminal Demand for Lithium Carbonate: In 2025, the single - vehicle power consumption of new energy vehicles in China increased significantly, and the demand for lithium carbonate increased by 31.74% year - on - year. In 2026, there will still be a 17.56% year - on - year increase. The current industrial chain inventory is healthy, and the replenishment of the industrial chain will amplify the demand. [120][121] 3.6 Balance and Price Outlook - Balance: In 2026, the global lithium resource supply is expected to have a surplus of nearly 80,000 tons, with a surplus rate of 3.9%, and the surplus volume is expected to narrow compared to 2025. In China, there is expected to be a shortage of 55,000 tons of lithium carbonate. [131][133] - Price: The cost influence on the lithium carbonate price has decreased significantly. The price is more sensitive to upward drivers and is likely to surge during supply disturbances, industrial chain replenishment, and supply - demand seasonal mismatches. The average price of lithium carbonate in 2026 is expected to rise further. [134]