1月债市投资策略：关注长债可能的超跌反弹

Group 1 - The report highlights the significant underperformance of long-term bonds in December 2025, attributed to systematic reductions in holdings by brokerages, funds, and pension funds, which collectively sold 250.2 billion long-term bonds from November 20 to December 31, 2025 [1] - The report identifies three main factors suppressing long-term bonds in the second half of 2025: high expectations for the stock market leading to large sell-offs of long-term bonds, the central bank's delay in lowering policy interest rates resulting in limited bond purchases, and expectations of punitive redemption fees causing a decline in the scale of actively managed pure bond funds [1] - The supply of long-term bonds, particularly ultra-long bonds, has increased significantly since 2018, with net issuance of government bonds rising from 4.77 trillion in 2018 to 13.85 trillion in 2025, an increase of 2.56 trillion from the previous year [1][2] Group 2 - The report suggests that the demand for ultra-long bonds primarily comes from life insurance companies, which have increased their stock investment ratios since 2025, potentially reducing future demand for ultra-long bonds [1] - It is recommended that measures be taken to address the supply-demand imbalance in ultra-long bonds, including controlling the issuance duration of government bonds and encouraging insurance funds to increase their allocation to ultra-long bonds [1] - The report notes that the current yield on 30-year government bonds is over 40 basis points higher than the low point in 2025, raising the cost of issuing long-term bonds and increasing fiscal interest payment pressure [1][2] Group 3 - The report indicates that the conditions for further reductions in policy interest rates may now be in place, as the central bank has maintained a stable policy rate while the U.S. Federal Reserve has cut rates by a total of 75 basis points in the second half of 2025 [1][2] - The new regulations on public fund sales, effective December 2025, are expected to stabilize the scale of bond funds by significantly reducing redemption fees and sales service fees, which lowers the cost of investing in bond funds [2] - The report emphasizes the potential for a rebound in long-term bonds, suggesting that the current high yields present a compelling investment opportunity, particularly for 3-5 year capital bonds to capture coupon income [2]