高盛-2026年美国股市主题展望

Investment Rating - The report maintains a positive outlook for the S&P 500, projecting a target of 7,600 points for 2026, with a core logic based on expected earnings growth of 12% and a corresponding return rate of 12% for the index [2]. Core Insights - The S&P 500 is expected to see a price increase of 16% in 2025, with 14 percentage points attributed to earnings contributions. For 2026, earnings growth is anticipated at 12%, aligning with a 12% return rate for the index, while the price-to-earnings (P/E) ratio is projected to remain at 22 times [1][2]. - Despite rising interest rates, they remain below long-term averages, and the S&P 500's profitability has reached multi-decade highs. However, structural factors may hinder the reallocation of one-third of household portfolios into equities [1][5]. - AI-related spending by large enterprises is nearing $550 billion, reflecting a nearly 40% year-over-year growth, although the growth rate is beginning to slow. The focus of AI investments is shifting from infrastructure stocks to other sectors, with some companies demonstrating actual profitability impacts from AI applications [1][6]. - Productivity growth is forecasted at 0.5% for this year and 1.5% for the next, indicating a gradual increase despite modest figures [7]. - The IPO market is expected to improve in 2026, with macro indicators suggesting an increase in IPO numbers, which currently remain below long-term averages [8]. - Stock buybacks continue to be a significant demand source in the U.S. equity market, with daily demand estimated at $4 to $5 billion, although this demand is slowing down [9]. - The report highlights cyclical recovery opportunities, particularly in non-residential construction, transportation, building materials, and semiconductor sectors, with a focus on the middle-income consumer group [10]. Summary by Sections - Earnings and Valuation: The report indicates that the current P/E ratio of 22 is reasonable given the stability of macroeconomic factors such as interest rates and growth rates. The valuation is expected to remain below historical highs, with a potential upward bias in a healthy economic environment [3][4]. - AI Investment Trends: AI investments are projected to continue driving market growth, with significant spending expected to shift towards applications beyond infrastructure, indicating a maturation of the AI sector [6]. - Productivity and IPO Outlook: The anticipated gradual increase in productivity and a more favorable IPO environment in 2026 are seen as positive indicators for market health and investment opportunities [7][8].