商业航天行业研究：商业火箭产业链梳理——基于一二级产业的视角

Investment Rating - The report suggests a positive investment outlook for the commercial rocket industry, particularly focusing on the upcoming key validation window in 2026-2027 for Chinese commercial rocket companies [1][12]. Core Insights - The commercial aerospace industry is experiencing a global resonance, with multiple medium and large rocket launches expected in China by 2026, leading to a dense launch schedule and large-scale satellite networking by 2027 [1][11]. - The success rate of rocket launches and corresponding payload capacity are critical indicators of a company's competitive edge in future commercial operations [1][12]. - The report emphasizes the importance of engine design capabilities, thrust, and parallel capabilities as core focus areas for rocket engines, with a shift towards full-flow staged combustion liquid oxygen-methane engines anticipated [2][17]. Summary by Sections 1. Commercial Rocket Launch Status and Outlook - 2026-2027 is identified as a critical validation window for Chinese commercial rocket companies, with many planning to launch liquid rockets and conduct recovery tests [12][13]. - Successful completion of high payload or reusable flights will provide companies with reliability and cost advantages, potentially securing contracts with leading satellite companies [12][13]. 2. Engine Development - The majority of Chinese commercial rocket companies utilize gas generator cycle engines, with future developments expected to focus on full-flow staged combustion engines and nuclear-powered engines [2][17]. - The report highlights that successful launches of liquid rocket engines have primarily been sourced from state-owned enterprises, with only a few private companies achieving launch success [2][28]. 3. 3D Printing Technology - 3D printing is recognized as a key technology for reducing costs and shortening production times in commercial aerospace, with significant applications in manufacturing lightweight and complex components [3][30]. - The Chinese 3D printing market is projected to reach approximately 41.5 billion yuan in 2024, with the aerospace sector accounting for about 16.7% of this market [31][34]. 4. Structural Components - Structural components account for approximately 25%-30% of commercial rocket costs, with tank costs exceeding 60% of this value [36][37]. - The report anticipates a trend towards larger structural components as engine thrust increases, with a shift from aluminum alloys to higher strength, lower cost stainless steel materials [36][37]. 5. Control Systems - The flight control software is described as the "brain" of the rocket, primarily developed in-house by rocket companies, with servo systems representing 6%-10% of the rocket's value [4][39]. - The report notes a transition from electric servos to electromechanical hydraulic servos in commercial aerospace [4]. 6. Investment Recommendations - The report recommends focusing on listed companies within the system and those closely collaborating with leading private rocket companies, particularly in high-value segments such as 3D printing, tanks, servos, and materials [5].