解决多元无知问题，促进性别平等

Investment Rating - The report does not provide a specific investment rating for the industry. Core Insights - Pluralistic ignorance (PI) is a social norms phenomenon where individuals misperceive the beliefs or behaviors of others, leading to actions that contradict their personal preferences. This misalignment can perpetuate harmful social norms that limit opportunities for women and girls, making it crucial to address PI through policy interventions to promote gender equality [2][22][31]. Summary by Sections I. Background - Evidence from low- and middle-income countries indicates that advancing gender equality requires understanding and addressing the social norms that shape behavior. PI is a significant factor in this context, as it leads individuals to act against their preferences due to misperceptions about the acceptance of certain behaviors [8]. II. Defining Pluralistic Ignorance - PI occurs when individuals believe their personal beliefs are not shared by the majority, leading to a disconnect between personal attitudes and perceived social norms. This phenomenon has been studied across various fields and is critical in understanding social behaviors [22][26]. III. Pluralistic Ignorance as a Policy Concern - PI can hinder collective action on public issues, including gender inequality. It can obstruct women's participation in the labor force and reinforce harmful norms, making it a significant concern for policymakers [31][32]. IV. The Challenges of Identifying and Intervening on Pluralistic Ignorance - Addressing PI requires careful intervention design, including identifying the correct norms to target and understanding the social context. Misperceptions can vary widely, and interventions must be tailored to specific groups to be effective [52][54][60]. V. Conclusion - Correcting misperceptions about social norms can be a low-cost and scalable intervention. However, it is essential to combine these efforts with structural changes to ensure long-term effectiveness and sustainability in promoting gender equality [37][74].