2026年1月fomc点评：关注Q2美国降息预期重启

Economic Outlook - The Federal Reserve paused interest rate cuts in January 2026, maintaining the federal funds rate target range at 3.5% to 3.75%[7] - The U.S. unemployment rate fell to 4.4% in December 2025, indicating a resilient labor market despite concerns about job growth[7] - Retail sales in November 2025 increased by 0.6% month-on-month, with total sales reaching $735.904 billion[9] Inflation and Consumer Spending - Personal consumption expenditure growth remained steady at 2.6% year-on-year in November 2025, despite a decline in real disposable income growth to 1%[7] - The savings rate dropped to a low of 3.5%, indicating potential consumer spending vulnerabilities[7] Labor Market Dynamics - Job openings decreased to 7.15 million in November 2025, with the job vacancy rate falling from 4.5% to 4.3%[7] - The proportion of consumers reporting difficulty in finding work rose to 20.8% in December 2025, suggesting a weakening job market[7] Future Rate Cut Expectations - Market consensus anticipates no rate cuts in March 2026, with an 87% probability of maintaining current rates[7] - If the unemployment rate exceeds 4.5% and job creation remains low, the Fed may reopen the space for rate cuts[7] Risks and Constraints - Risks include a hard landing for the U.S. economy, a significant rebound in inflation, and the Fed's rate cut pace falling short of expectations[4]