宏观深度报告：中国外贸的新特点与新趋势

Export Trends - In 2025, China's export share remained stable at 13.6%, only down 0.7 percentage points from 2024, demonstrating global competitiveness[3] - The U.S. market accounted for 11.1% of China's exports, a decrease of approximately 3.5 percentage points from 2024, contributing to a 2.9% drag on overall export growth[3] - ASEAN, the EU, and Africa emerged as significant markets, with ASEAN's share rising to 17.6% and the EU's to 14.8%, offsetting declines in U.S. exports[10] Product Structure - The export structure showed a strong influence from overseas AI investments, with electric machinery and components contributing 2.3% to export growth in 2025[33] - The automotive sector, driven by Chinese EV companies, added approximately 0.7% to export growth, while traditional labor-intensive products negatively impacted exports by 0.6%[3] - Exports of intermediate and capital goods, particularly chemicals and machinery, performed well, contributing 1.2% to overall export growth[3] Import Dynamics - China's imports showed signs of recovery starting in Q2 2025, with significant contributions from Hong Kong, Taiwan, Japan, and South Korea[3] - High-tech intermediate goods, non-ferrous metals, and agricultural products were the main drivers of import growth, reflecting a shift towards higher value-added imports[3] - The overall import growth rate was 0.5% in 2025, with a notable decline in traditional energy imports and a focus on high-tech products[3] Future Outlook - For 2026, global trade is expected to continue expanding, albeit at a slower rate, with strong support for China's exports in non-U.S. markets[3] - Domestic demand is anticipated to show a mix of new and old growth drivers, with continued expansion of trade partnerships contributing to import growth[3] - Import prices are projected to rise moderately, leading to a gentle increase in overall import growth rates[3]