2026年1月美国就业数据点评：“强复苏”还是“弱平衡”？

Overview - In January 2026, the U.S. non-farm payrolls increased by 130,000, exceeding market expectations of 65,000, indicating a strong employment report[1] - The unemployment rate fell to 4.3%, down from 4.4% as anticipated, while the labor force participation rate rose to 62.5%[1][6] - The average hourly wage in the private sector increased by 0.4% month-on-month, surpassing the expected 0.3%[1][10] Employment Data Adjustments - The annual benchmark revision revealed that the average monthly job growth for 2025 was adjusted down to only 15,000, with a significant downward revision of 898,000 jobs for March 2025[1][11] - The non-seasonally adjusted figures for 2025 were revised down by 862,000 jobs, indicating a weaker employment landscape than previously reported[1][11] Sector Performance - The education and health services sector contributed significantly to job growth, adding 137,000 jobs, while the construction sector added 33,000 jobs, driven by non-residential contractors[2][21] - Manufacturing saw a slight recovery with an addition of 5,000 jobs, breaking a streak of negative growth over the past 13 months[2][21] Market Reactions - Following the employment data release, U.S. Treasury yields, the dollar index, and stock markets all experienced upward movements, reflecting reduced concerns over layoffs[2][14] - The 10-year Treasury yield briefly surpassed 4.2%, indicating market optimism regarding economic stability[2][14] Future Outlook - Despite the strong January employment figures, analysts caution that the data may contain "water," suggesting underlying weaknesses in the labor market[4] - The potential for a "low growth balance" in the U.S. job market is anticipated for 2026, with risks from tariffs and immigration policies posing challenges[4]