——债券周报20260308：债市面临多大的通胀压力？-20260308

1. Report Industry Investment Rating No relevant content provided. 2. Core Views of the Report - Geopolitical tensions, especially the escalation of the US - Iran conflict, have led to increased inflation concerns. Rising oil prices mainly affect PPI, with a relatively limited impact on CPI, and the long - term impact on the bond market is controllable, but short - term inflation expectations may cause fluctuations [1][25][33]. - The Two Sessions set a clear macroeconomic tone, including promoting high - quality development in the 14th Five - Year Plan, implementing proactive fiscal policies, maintaining moderately loose monetary policies, and strengthening financial supervision [34][38][39][42]. - In the bond market strategy, the short - end has limited downward space, while the long - end suggests holding existing assets and preferring elastic varieties for new funds [2][3][50][61]. 3. Summary by Relevant Catalogs 3.1 Geopolitical Driven Inflation Concerns 3.1.1 US - Iran Tensions and Market Volatility - The escalation of the US - Iran conflict has increased risk - aversion sentiment, causing significant fluctuations in the equity and commodity markets. Oil prices have soared, with Brent and WTI crude futures exceeding $90 per barrel. The CSI 300 has fallen 1.1%, and energy and defensive sectors have performed relatively well [11][13]. 3.1.2 Impact of Oil Prices on Inflation and the Bond Market - Oil prices mainly affect PPI, with a 10% adjustment in oil prices potentially driving a 0.35 - percentage - point change in PPI, and a relatively small impact on CPI (usually within 0.1 percentage points). If oil prices remain high, PPI may turn positive in April [15][16][22]. - In the long run, the impact of rising oil prices on the bond market is controllable, but short - term inflation expectations may cause fluctuations, especially when PPI breaks through critical points [25][29]. 3.2 Two Sessions Tracking 3.2.1 Macroeconomic Tone - The 14th Five - Year Plan focuses on high - quality development. The expected GDP growth rate of 4.5% - 5% is achievable. In consumption, there are measures for commodity and service consumption, as well as targeted policies for the sinking market. Investment will increase government investment and promote the construction of "six networks" and key areas. A national - level merger fund will be established to develop six new pillar industries and six future industries [34][35][37]. 3.2.2 Fiscal Policy - The proactive fiscal policy is reflected in both the scale of funds and policy synergy. In 2026, fiscal spending, new government bonds, and central - to - local transfer payments have reached new highs. A 100 - billion - yuan package of policies to promote domestic demand through fiscal - financial cooperation has been introduced [38]. 3.2.3 Monetary Policy - The moderately loose monetary policy will continue, with comprehensive use of short -, medium -, and long - term policy tools. The central bank will strengthen the implementation and supervision of interest rate policies, and the exchange rate is at a medium - level range. It is also studying a liquidity support mechanism for non - bank institutions in specific situations [39][40]. 3.2.4 Financial Supervision - Two measures will be introduced soon: deepening the reform of the Growth Enterprise Market and optimizing the refinancing mechanism. The goal is to guide industry institutions to focus on their main businesses and develop in a standardized way [42]. 3.3 Bond Market Strategy 3.3.1 Short - end Bonds - After the Spring Festival, the capital situation has remained loose, but the central bank's liquidity injection has been relatively restrained. The short - end bond market has limited downward space, with the 1 - year national and joint - stock bank certificates of deposit potentially reaching a "resistance level" at 1.55%. The credit spread of bonds with a maturity of less than 5 years has been compressed to a historical low [2][50][52]. 3.3.2 Long - end Bonds - The 10 - year Treasury bond is likely to remain within the range of 30 - 50bp above the OMO rate. The US - Iran situation may affect market risk appetite, and inflation expectations may rise due to rising oil prices. For coupon collection, convex - type bonds can be considered, such as 5 - year China Development Bank bonds for the medium - short term, 8 - year Export - Import Bank of China bonds for the long term, and 15 - 20 - year local government bonds for insurance funds. Existing assets can be held, and new funds can be invested in more liquid and elastic varieties [54][58][61]. 3.4 Interest - rate Bond Market Review 3.4.1 Capital Market - The central bank has significantly net -回笼 funds through OMO, but the capital market has remained balanced and loose [62][64][65]. 3.4.2 Primary Market Issuance - The net financing of Treasury bonds has decreased, while the net financing of policy - financial bonds, local government bonds, and inter - bank certificates of deposit has increased [75][77][78]. 3.4.3 Benchmark Changes - The term spreads of Treasury bonds and China Development Bank bonds have both widened, with short - end bonds performing better than long - end bonds [68][79][80].