麦肯锡全球AI调研：企业AI部署现状(上篇)

Core Insights - The development of generative AI is prompting companies to restructure their organizational frameworks and business processes to unlock its potential value. Although AI deployment is still in its early stages, more companies are reshaping workflows, enhancing governance mechanisms, and actively addressing related risks [1] Group 1: Organizational Changes and AI Deployment - Companies are initiating organizational transformations to leverage generative AI for future value, with larger enterprises moving faster and more decisively. A McKinsey global AI survey indicates that many companies have taken substantial steps to drive AI deployment for tangible financial returns [1] - Among companies that have deployed generative AI, 21% of respondents reported that their organizations have thoroughly restructured certain workflows [6][14] Group 2: AI Governance and Leadership - AI governance involves establishing a series of policies, processes, and technologies to ensure responsible development and deployment of AI systems. The survey analysis shows that direct oversight by the CEO is a key factor for companies to enhance financial performance through generative AI [2] - In companies that have deployed AI, 28% of respondents indicated that the CEO is responsible for AI governance, while 17% stated that the board is responsible. Typically, this work is co-led by an average of two leaders [2][3] Group 3: Risk Management and Compliance - Many companies are intensifying efforts to manage risks associated with generative AI, particularly concerning inaccuracies, cybersecurity, and intellectual property infringement. These three issues are the most frequently mentioned risk types and have already impacted several companies [10][13] - Larger enterprises are more proactive in managing potential cybersecurity and privacy risks, although they have not significantly outpaced smaller companies in addressing risks related to AI output accuracy or explainability [13] Group 4: Best Practices and Performance Metrics - Most respondents have not yet perceived a significant impact of generative AI on overall corporate profits, and many companies have not adopted best practices that could create value in new technology deployment. Only 1% of executives believe their generative AI initiatives have reached a "mature" stage [14][15] - The survey identified 12 practices related to generative AI application and promotion, each positively correlated with improvements in earnings before interest and taxes (EBIT). Setting and tracking clear KPIs for generative AI solutions has the most significant impact on actual returns [14][15] Group 5: Workforce and Skills Transformation - The survey explored the recruitment of AI-related positions and its impact on workforce structure. Among companies that have deployed AI, the proportion of respondents indicating recruitment of AI-related personnel over the past 12 months remained stable compared to early 2024 [17][18] - Many respondents expect that AI-related skills retraining will exceed that of the past year, with companies actively managing the time saved from AI deployment. Most employees are expected to use this time for new tasks or to focus more on existing responsibilities that have not yet been automated [21][22]