美国新建一座HBM工厂，韩国首当其冲？

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the contrasting political responses and business environments in the U.S. and South Korea regarding semiconductor manufacturing, particularly focusing on SK Hynix's new HBM chip factory in Indiana and the challenges faced in its home country [2][3]. Group 1: Indiana Factory Approval - The Lafayette City Council in Indiana approved a zoning change for a 121-acre residential area to allow SK Hynix to build a high-bandwidth memory (HBM) chip factory, with six out of nine council members voting in favor after a lengthy meeting [1][4]. - The Indiana factory is expected to start mass production of HBM chips by the second half of 2028, creating approximately 7,000 direct and indirect jobs, supported by state government subsidies [2][4]. Group 2: Challenges in South Korea - In contrast, SK Hynix's project in Longin faced significant delays and local opposition, with the city council unanimously passing a resolution to terminate a cooperation agreement due to health and environmental concerns related to a planned LNG power plant [1][5]. - The company has invested 122 trillion won (approximately $86.3 billion) in the Longin semiconductor cluster, but the project has been repeatedly postponed, with ground-breaking now expected in February 2025, six years after the initial announcement [2][5]. Group 3: Local Government Dynamics - The article emphasizes the lack of willingness and capability of the South Korean central government to resolve local conflicts, which has exacerbated tensions between local governments and companies like SK Hynix [2][3]. - Local opposition in Longin is mirrored by similar challenges faced by Samsung Electronics in its planned investment of 360 trillion won in the area, highlighting a broader issue of local resistance to industrial projects [6].