线控转向是“彻底的变革性创新”吗

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the introduction and potential impact of Steering-By-Wire (SBW) technology in the automotive industry, highlighting its advantages and challenges, as well as the competitive landscape among various manufacturers [4][6][16]. Group 1: Introduction of Steering-By-Wire Technology - Mercedes-Benz will be the first German automaker to mass-produce a vehicle with SBW technology, set to launch next year [4][6]. - SBW technology replaces traditional mechanical linkages with electronic signals for steering control, allowing for a fully decoupled steering system [5][19]. - The global market for electric steering systems is projected to grow from $2.7 billion in 2021 to $5.8 billion by 2031 [6]. Group 2: Advantages of Steering-By-Wire - SBW systems can enhance safety by reducing components that could endanger passengers during accidents and allowing for new airbag placements [22]. - The technology enables dynamic adjustment of steering ratios, improving maneuverability at low speeds and stability at high speeds [24]. - The design of the steering wheel can be more flexible, providing additional cabin space and better visibility for drivers [26]. - SBW allows for customizable steering characteristics through software, facilitating easier adaptation for different vehicle configurations [27]. Group 3: Challenges and Concerns - Critics express concerns about the loss of tactile feedback traditionally provided by mechanical systems, which could affect driver awareness of road conditions [29]. - The increased complexity of electronic components raises concerns about potential failures, but redundancy systems are designed to mitigate these risks [32]. - Initial costs for SBW systems are high, but prices may decrease as the technology becomes more widely adopted [33]. - Security concerns regarding potential hacking of electronic systems are addressed through advanced encryption and regular software updates [34]. Group 4: Manufacturer Developments - Mercedes-Benz's SBW system has undergone over 1 million kilometers of testing, ensuring high safety standards through redundant systems and precise sensors [39][40]. - Lexus's RZ model is the first in Europe to feature SBW technology, showcasing a decade of development [50]. - NIO's ET9 is the first mass-produced vehicle in China to adopt SBW technology, featuring advanced components from ZF [60][72]. - Tesla's Cybertruck utilizes a patented SBW system with redundancy, allowing for a highly responsive steering experience [75][80]. Group 5: User Experience and Feedback - Test drivers report that the SBW systems in vehicles like the Mercedes-Benz and NIO ET9 provide quick and precise steering responses, enhancing the driving experience [52][64]. - The SBW system in the Lexus RZ includes a "road feedback algorithm" to simulate traditional road feel, addressing concerns about the loss of tactile feedback [58]. - Users find the SBW systems intuitive and easy to adapt to, with many expressing surprise at the responsiveness compared to traditional systems [79].