深度 | 中国香港，如何养老？——养老金融系列之六【陈兴团队•财通宏观】

Group 1 - Hong Kong's pension system is based on a multi-pillar model, primarily featuring a Mandatory Provident Fund (MPF) as the second pillar, without a traditional government-managed first pillar [1][5][13] - The first pillar provides basic living security for low-income elderly individuals through social welfare programs, while the second pillar focuses on mandatory savings through the MPF and occupational retirement plans [1][6][10] - The third pillar consists of voluntary retirement savings plans, including tax-deductible contributions, annuity plans, and silver bonds [1][6][29] Group 2 - The investment strategy of Hong Kong's pension system is characterized by "government protection + market-driven + individual flexibility," with public pensions funded entirely by government budgets and not involving market investments [2][38] - The MPF plan allows participants to choose from various investment funds, including stock funds, mixed funds, bond funds, guaranteed funds, and money market funds, with a significant portion allocated to equities [2][39][42] - As of the end of 2024, 55% of MPF funds are invested in the Hong Kong market, with 67% of the overall asset allocation in equities [44][46] Group 3 - The third pillar includes innovative financial products for elderly care, with a well-established long-term care and housing security system in Hong Kong [2][54] - Long-term care services are primarily government-led, with private sector participation, providing a range of services from home care to institutional care [2][56] - The housing security system for the elderly includes priority allocation of public housing and various support services tailored to the needs of senior citizens [2][60][63]