Nature子刊：烟酰胺可加速新冠患者康复

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses a study published in Nature Metabolism that highlights the potential of Nicotinamide to accelerate recovery in mild to moderate COVID-19 patients and its role in modulating gut microbiota changes associated with the virus [2][12]. Group 1: Nicotinamide and COVID-19 - Nicotinamide is essential for the production of NAD+, a key coenzyme in cellular energy metabolism, which decreases during viral infections, particularly COVID-19 [5]. - The study indicates that during acute inflammation caused by SARS-CoV-2, tryptophan metabolism is enhanced, leading to increased kynurenine levels, which is a critical intermediate in the NAD+ synthesis pathway [5]. - COVID-19 is closely linked to gut microbiota dysbiosis, characterized by reduced microbial diversity and beneficial species, which is associated with increased inflammation and immune dysregulation [5]. Group 2: Research Findings - Previous research showed that tryptophan helps maintain gut microbiota homeostasis, and supplementation with Nicotinamide has strong, microbiota-dependent anti-inflammatory effects [6]. - The study developed a pH-dependent matrix tablet formulation for Nicotinamide, designed to release in the lower small intestine and colon, ensuring systemic supply and targeting gut microbiota [6]. - The COVit-2 trial involved 900 symptomatic COVID-19 patients and demonstrated that 57.6% of those treated with Nicotinamide recovered from physical decline by week 2, compared to 42.6% in the placebo group [7]. Group 3: Clinical Implications - The changes in gut microbiome characteristics correlated with clinical efficacy, suggesting that Nicotinamide can regulate fecal microbiota changes associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection [8]. - Follow-up after 6 months indicated that those who responded to Nicotinamide treatment had a lower incidence of post-COVID syndrome compared to the placebo group [8]. - Throughout the study, no safety risks related to Nicotinamide treatment were reported [8].