半导体行业观察·2025-05-22 02:13Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the potential impact of U.S. tariffs on foreign-made semiconductors, emphasizing concerns from companies like TSMC and Intel regarding the implications for domestic semiconductor manufacturing and the overall supply chain [1][2][3]. Group 1: TSMC's Position - TSMC warns that tariffs could threaten electronic product demand and reduce revenue, potentially impacting the construction and operation timeline of its Arizona facility [1]. - TSMC urges the U.S. government to exempt it from any semiconductor-related tariffs to facilitate its investments in Arizona [1]. - The Arizona facility is projected to account for approximately 30% of TSMC's global capacity for 2nm and more advanced technology nodes, which will meet U.S. demand [1][10]. Group 2: Industry Responses - Dell highlights the lack of necessary infrastructure for large-scale domestic chip production, indicating that efforts are still in the early stages [2]. - HPE expresses that tariffs on imported semiconductors would hinder its ability to maintain and expand domestic manufacturing, affecting national security and economic growth [2]. - Intel emphasizes the need to protect U.S. semiconductor manufacturing and suggests that tariffs could lead foreign buyers to increasingly choose non-U.S. chips [2][24]. Group 3: TSMC's Investment Plans - TSMC plans to invest $165 billion in Arizona, including six advanced semiconductor fabs, two advanced packaging facilities, and a large R&D center, marking the largest single foreign direct investment in U.S. history [10]. - The Arizona project is expected to create significant economic output, with projections of over $200 billion in spillover economic benefits for the state and the nation [10][14]. - TSMC's first Arizona fab is set to begin mass production by the end of 2024, utilizing 4nm process technology [12]. Group 4: Economic and Employment Impact - TSMC's Arizona project is anticipated to create tens of thousands of high-paying jobs in advanced chip manufacturing and R&D, along with supporting 40,000 construction jobs in the short term [14]. - The project is expected to significantly boost exports of U.S.-made semiconductors, contributing to economic growth and addressing trade imbalances [14]. - TSMC aims to collaborate with U.S. universities to develop a skilled workforce for the semiconductor industry [15]. Group 5: Recommendations for U.S. Government - TSMC requests that any measures taken by the U.S. government should not create uncertainty for existing semiconductor investments, advocating for tariff exemptions for its Arizona facility [16][18]. - The article suggests that the government should focus on growth-promoting measures rather than imposing tariffs, which could hinder the development of the semiconductor industry [20]. - TSMC encourages the government to extend tax incentives and streamline regulatory processes to support the rapid development of semiconductor manufacturing facilities [20][22]. Group 6: Intel's Position - Intel stresses the importance of maintaining U.S. semiconductor manufacturing capabilities and suggests that tariffs could increase costs and delay production [24][32]. - The company has invested $107.5 billion in capital expenditures and $78.8 billion in R&D over the past five years, primarily to expand U.S. manufacturing capabilities [23]. - Intel calls for strategic adjustments to protect U.S.-made semiconductor wafers and their derivatives, emphasizing the critical nature of wafer manufacturing in the semiconductor production process [24][25].