Nature头条：缺乏这种氨基酸，短短一周，体重暴降30%

Core Insights - The article discusses a significant research finding regarding the role of cysteine deficiency in weight loss, highlighting that mice lacking cysteine lost over 30% of their body weight within a week, surpassing the effects of current leading weight loss drugs [1][2][5]. Group 1: Research Findings - The study conducted by NYU Grossman School of Medicine revealed that genetically modified mice unable to produce cysteine and fed a cysteine-deficient diet experienced a weight loss of 30.6% in one week [2][7]. - Previous studies indicated that restricting certain amino acids, including cysteine and methionine, could have health benefits such as extending lifespan and preventing metabolic diseases, but the specific contributions of each amino acid were unclear [5][11]. - The research demonstrated that the positive effects of amino acid restriction are primarily driven by cysteine limitation rather than methionine [5][11]. Group 2: Mechanisms of Weight Loss - Cysteine deficiency activates stress responses and oxidative stress, leading to the production of GDF15 and FGF21, which may explain the rapid weight loss observed [9][11]. - The study found that cysteine restriction significantly impacts weight loss and metabolism by lowering levels of glutathione and coenzyme A, which are crucial for metabolic processes [11]. Group 3: Implications for Human Health - While the findings are promising, the research team cautioned that humans may not experience the same rapid fat burning as mice due to differences in thermoregulation [13]. - A 2023 short-term human trial indicated that restricting cysteine and methionine did not have negative effects on overweight individuals and could aid in weight loss, suggesting potential translatability of animal model benefits to humans [13]. - The article suggests that a diet low in cysteine, achieved by reducing red meat intake and increasing fruits and certain vegetables, could provide similar health benefits [13].