减补贴、加税负 美国汽车电动化“阴云”

Core Viewpoint - The recent passage of the "Big, Beautiful Budget Bill" by the U.S. House of Representatives introduces new annual taxes on electric vehicles, which could hinder the development of the electric vehicle industry in the U.S. [3][4][5] Group 1: Legislative Changes - The new bill imposes an annual tax of $250 for fully electric vehicle owners and $100 for hybrid vehicle owners, contrasting sharply with previous tax incentives aimed at promoting electric vehicle adoption [3][4]. - The bill eliminates federal tax credits for electric vehicles and introduces new annual fees, increasing the purchase and operating costs for electric vehicles, particularly affecting price-sensitive consumers [5][6]. Group 2: Impact on the Electric Vehicle Market - The increase in tax burden, alongside the loss of tax credits, is expected to lead to a decline in electric vehicle sales, creating uncertainty in demand and prompting manufacturers to reassess production plans [5][6]. - The electric vehicle penetration rate in the U.S. is already low, and the new tax measures could further slow the industry's growth, impacting both domestic and foreign electric vehicle manufacturers [5][6]. Group 3: Comparison with Global Trends - The U.S. tax increases on electric vehicles appear contradictory to global trends promoting zero-carbon transitions, where countries like Norway and Denmark offer significant tax exemptions for electric vehicle purchases [6][7]. - In China, the penetration rate of new energy vehicles is projected to exceed 50% by 2025, with calls for equal tax treatment between electric and fuel vehicles gaining momentum [7].