中国学者本周发表3篇Cell论文：AI 驱动的体内蛋白质激活平台；核应激小体动态组装及其炎症调控、新型菌源性胆汁酸改善血糖稳态

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights significant research contributions from Chinese scholars published in the prestigious journal Cell, focusing on advancements in AI-driven protein activation, nuclear stress bodies' role in inflammation regulation, and a novel bile acid's impact on glucose homeostasis [2][4][15]. Group 1: AI-Driven Protein Activation - A research team from Peking University developed a machine-learning-assisted platform called CAGE-Prox vivo for precise protein activation in living mice, enabling real-time biological studies and therapeutic interventions [4][7]. - The platform allows for the temporary blocking of target protein functions and can be triggered by small molecules, facilitating specific control over protein-protein interactions [7]. Group 2: Nuclear Stress Bodies and Inflammation - A study by the Chinese Academy of Sciences explored the assembly and function of nuclear stress bodies (nSB) under stress conditions, revealing their role in enhancing the transcription of NFIL3, which suppresses inflammatory responses [8][9]. - The research indicates that the expression of NFIL3 is positively correlated with the survival rates of sepsis patients, suggesting a potential therapeutic target for precise diagnosis and treatment of sepsis [12][13]. Group 3: Microbial Bile Acids and Glucose Homeostasis - A collaborative study identified a novel bile acid receptor, MRGPRE, activated by a microbial amino-acid-conjugated bile acid, tryptophan-cholic acid (Trp-CA), which improves glucose regulation [15][18]. - The findings reveal a new mechanism for GLP-1 secretion regulation via MRGPRE, providing insights for developing new diabetes medications without the side effects associated with traditional bile acids [18].