美国半导体，究竟有多强？

Core Viewpoint - The U.S. semiconductor industry is a key driver of economic strength, national security, global competitiveness, and technological leadership, holding nearly half of the global chip sales market share [3][12]. Group 1: Industry Overview - The global semiconductor sales have grown from $139 billion in 2001 to an estimated $630.5 billion in 2024, with a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 6.8% [12]. - The U.S. semiconductor industry regained its global market leadership in 1997, maintaining a market share of 50.4% as of now [14][17]. - U.S. semiconductor companies' sales increased from $71.1 billion in 2001 to $318.2 billion in 2024, reflecting a CAGR of 6.7% [15]. Group 2: Global Market Dynamics - The majority of global semiconductor demand is driven by consumer products such as laptops, smartphones, and automobiles, with increasing demand from emerging markets [23]. - The Asia-Pacific region is the largest semiconductor market, with China being the largest single-country market, accounting for nearly 46% of the Asia-Pacific market and 24% of the global market [27]. Group 3: Capital Expenditure and R&D Investment - In 2024, U.S. semiconductor companies invested a total of $119.5 billion in R&D and capital expenditures, with a CAGR of approximately 6.4% from 2001 to 2024 [30]. - R&D spending in the U.S. semiconductor industry has a CAGR of about 7.5% from 2001 to 2024, with total R&D investment reaching $70 billion in 2024 [42][48]. - The average annual capital expenditure as a percentage of sales has remained between 10% and 15% over the past 20 years, highlighting the capital-intensive nature of the industry [40]. Group 4: Employment Impact - The U.S. semiconductor industry directly provides 345,000 jobs and supports over 1 million indirect jobs, resulting in nearly 2 million additional jobs created [50]. Group 5: Productivity - Labor productivity in the U.S. semiconductor industry has more than doubled since 2001, with per capita sales revenue exceeding $744,000 in 2024 [52].