用AI读书、学习，大脑会萎缩吗？

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the impact of AI tools, particularly generative AI like ChatGPT, on education, highlighting concerns that students may be outsourcing their learning processes to AI, leading to a decline in genuine understanding and critical thinking skills [4][12][20]. Group 1: AI's Role in Education - Since the launch of ChatGPT, students have become one of the largest user groups, with a significant increase in usage coinciding with the start of the school year [5][6]. - A survey indicates that by the end of 2024, approximately 70% of American teenagers will have used generative AI tools, with over half using AI to assist with homework [7]. - Research from the University of Pennsylvania shows that students who relied on AI for practice performed well initially but scored 17% lower on exams when AI assistance was removed [9][11]. Group 2: Cognitive Impact of AI - Studies suggest that improper use of generative AI tools can lead to a decline in cognitive abilities, particularly among students, as they may rely on technology instead of developing independent thinking skills [14][15]. - The phenomenon of "cognitive offloading" is noted, where students delegate cognitive tasks to AI, resulting in reduced critical thinking capabilities [15][16]. Group 3: The "Never Learned" Dilemma - The article raises concerns that students may find themselves in a situation where they have "never learned" essential skills due to AI taking over tasks before they have had the chance to master them [23][25]. - Nicholas Carr argues that if a skill is automated before it is learned, the individual may never truly acquire that skill, which is particularly relevant in educational contexts [24][25]. Group 4: Educational Paradox - Traditional education assumes that good performance on assignments equates to mastery of the subject, but AI complicates this logic, as students may produce high-quality work without genuine understanding [26][27]. - Various educational institutions are responding to the challenges posed by AI, with measures ranging from banning AI in classrooms to developing guidelines for responsible use [28][29][30].