专访江南大学饶志明教授，现代发酵引领大健康迈向“精准健康”科学境界

Core Viewpoint - Modern fermentation technology is revolutionizing various industries, including agriculture, medicine, energy, and materials, by integrating natural wisdom with technological advancements, leading to a new era of precision health science [1][3][9] Traditional Fermentation Technology - Traditional fermentation is a treasure of human wisdom, producing unique foods that reflect regional culture and history, such as Korean kimchi and Chinese soy sauce [3] - The essence of traditional fermentation lies in its naturalness and cultural heritage, but its artisanal production model struggles to meet modern demands for scalability and standardization [3][4] Modern Fermentation Technology - Modern fermentation technology emphasizes scientific and innovative approaches, utilizing synthetic biology and metabolic engineering to optimize microbial metabolic pathways, significantly enhancing production efficiency [4][6] - Techniques such as CRISPR and metabolic pathway design enable the creation of microbial cell factories that can produce high-value compounds like human milk oligosaccharides and heme for plant-based meat [5][6] Economic Impact and Sustainability - Modern fermentation technology is driving industries towards a "biomanufacturing closed loop," converting agricultural waste into energy and purifying industrial wastewater, thus forming a zero-carbon chain [6][7] - It is projected that by the end of the 21st century, biomanufacturing will account for one-third of global chemical production, potentially generating $30 trillion in economic value [7] Applications in Traditional Medicine - Modern fermentation technology offers new opportunities for the modernization of traditional Chinese medicine, such as significantly increasing the yield of artemisinin from 0.1% to 25 g/L through engineered yeast [7][8] - Fermentation can enhance the efficacy of traditional herbal medicines by converting inactive components into active ones and improving bioavailability, as seen with ginsenoside Rh2 [8] Future Prospects - The integration of artificial intelligence and big data into fermentation research is expected to accelerate development cycles and enhance production processes [5][9] - As modern fermentation technology continues to evolve, it is anticipated to transform the health industry, making concepts like "precision nutrition" and "sustainable health" a reality in daily life [9]