中国的垃圾，不够烧了

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the transformation of the waste incineration industry in China, highlighting the shift from a "garbage siege" to a situation where incineration plants are struggling with insufficient waste supply, leading to a competitive "gold rush" for garbage [5][17][32]. Group 1: Industry Overview - Ten years ago, the issue of "garbage siege" was prevalent, but now it is widely recognized that there is not enough waste to incinerate in China [4][5]. - The average load rate of waste incineration plants in China is approximately 60%, with 40% of capacity remaining idle [9]. - As of now, China has 1,010 waste incineration plants, accounting for nearly half of the global total of over 2,100 plants [19][20]. Group 2: Market Dynamics - Waste incineration plants are offering incentives to property companies to secure waste, with reports of rebates of 50 yuan per ton [7]. - There is a trend of reopening landfills to excavate buried waste, with cities like Guangzhou and Shanghai participating in this underground competition [8]. - The number of planned shutdowns for incineration plants in 2023 reached 83,467 days, indicating significant operational challenges [15]. Group 3: Historical Context and Policy Impact - The year 2003 marked a turning point for the waste incineration industry in China, transitioning to a model that allowed private investment and operation [23]. - Policies promoting waste incineration have been introduced since 2006, leading to a rapid increase in the number of incineration plants [24][25]. - From 2017 to 2021, China added an average of 103 new waste incineration plants annually, with significant projects initiated in provinces like Henan and Hebei [26]. Group 4: Future Prospects and International Expansion - Despite achieving a 100% harmless treatment rate for waste, 55 new waste incineration projects were added in 2023, indicating ongoing growth in the sector [29]. - Chinese waste incineration companies are beginning to expand internationally, with over 50 projects in regions like Southeast Asia and the Middle East [35]. - The article highlights the competitive advantage of Chinese companies in waste incineration due to their advanced technology and comprehensive industry chain [36][37]. Group 5: Environmental and Economic Implications - The transformation of waste from a burden to an asset reflects a significant shift in the economic landscape, with waste incineration becoming a profitable industry [32]. - The article draws parallels between the evolution of waste incineration and the development of biofuels from waste, emphasizing the importance of commercial and industrial interests in driving these changes [38][39].