中国的垃圾，不够烧了

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the transformation of waste management in China, highlighting the shift from a "garbage siege" to a situation where waste incineration plants are struggling to find enough garbage to process, leading to a competitive environment for waste collection and management [3][11][21]. Group 1: Current State of Waste Incineration - Waste incineration plants in China are facing a shortage of garbage, with an average operational load rate of about 60%, leaving 40% of capacity idle [6][12]. - In 2023, there were 83,467 planned shutdown days for waste incineration plants, indicating significant operational challenges [10]. - The rapid increase in the number of incineration plants has led to a situation where the supply of waste is insufficient to meet the processing capacity [21][12]. Group 2: Historical Context and Development - The turning point for waste incineration in China occurred in 2003 when the government shifted to a model allowing private investment in waste management [13]. - Policies promoting waste incineration, such as increased subsidies for renewable energy projects and pollution control standards, have facilitated the growth of this industry [14][16]. - From 2017 to 2021, an average of 103 new waste incineration plants were commissioned annually, with significant projects launched in provinces like Henan and Hebei [17][18]. Group 3: Industry Dynamics and Competition - The competition for waste has intensified, with some incineration plants offering incentives to property companies for waste collection [4]. - Companies are exploring new markets abroad due to domestic waste shortages, with over 50 overseas waste incineration projects already in operation [24][25]. - The article notes that the increasing number of incineration plants has led to a decline in the number of landfills, as incineration becomes the preferred method of waste management [19]. Group 4: Technological Advancements and Global Positioning - Chinese waste incineration companies are leveraging advanced technologies to improve waste processing efficiency and reduce emissions, often exceeding international standards [25][26]. - The industry has evolved from relying on imported waste to becoming a leader in waste management technology, with the ability to export expertise and solutions globally [26].