半导体巨头，重塑供应链

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the increasing importance of Southeast Asia in the global semiconductor supply chain, particularly in the context of capital investment uncertainties stemming from the Trump administration's tariffs. It highlights the region's advantages such as low labor costs, strategic location, and government support, which are attracting major semiconductor companies to invest in manufacturing and assembly operations [1][2]. Group 1: Southeast Asia's Role in Semiconductor Industry - Southeast Asia is becoming a key region for semiconductor supply chain restructuring post-Trump era, with companies planning to relocate or build new facilities in response to tariff uncertainties [1]. - The region is gaining prominence in assembly, testing, and packaging (ATP) due to favorable conditions such as government-led strategies and tax incentives [1]. - Malaysia is emerging as a global supply chain hub, accounting for 13% of the global semiconductor backend processes, with significant investments from companies like Intel, Broadcom, and Micron [1][2]. Group 2: Major Investments and Developments - Intel has established backend assembly lines in Malaysia and is expanding its advanced packaging facilities, while Micron is building its second packaging and testing plant in Penang [2]. - Texas Instruments is investing $3.1 billion (approximately 4 trillion KRW) in production facilities in Malaysia, and Infineon is setting up a silicon carbide (SiC) power semiconductor manufacturing and packaging plant in Penang [2]. - ARM has chosen Malaysia as its first production base for direct manufacturing and semiconductor design, with the Malaysian government agreeing to pay $250 million in patent fees over ten years [2]. Group 3: Growth in Vietnam's Semiconductor Market - Vietnam is emerging as a new stronghold in semiconductor packaging and testing, with the market size growing by 41% from $10.62 billion in 2016 to $15.01 billion in 2023 [3]. - Emcore, a leader in backend processes, aims for $10 billion in semiconductor exports, while the Vietnamese government is investing $1 billion to train approximately 50,000 semiconductor engineers [3]. Group 4: Industry Perspectives - Industry experts note that relocating production facilities or building new factories in response to tariffs is not practical due to the long-term nature of semiconductor investments [4]. - Southeast Asian countries are viewed as safer options for semiconductor production due to their low labor costs and developed ecosystems, especially in light of ongoing U.S. semiconductor regulations targeting China [4].