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以史为鉴,中东冲突如何影响油价?
华尔街见闻·2025-06-16 09:59

Core Viewpoint - Geopolitical events can cause short-term spikes in oil prices, but historical data suggests these impacts are often temporary, with the real threats to oil prices stemming from broader economic factors [1][9][10]. Group 1: Geopolitical Impact on Oil Prices - Oil prices surged by 12% following news of an Israeli attack on Iranian nuclear facilities, but such geopolitical shocks typically have fleeting effects [1]. - Historical examples show that after the 9/11 attacks, Brent crude oil prices rose by 5% but fell by 25% within 14 days due to concerns over economic slowdown affecting oil demand [1][3]. - The 2022 Russia-Ukraine conflict saw Brent oil prices increase by 30% in two weeks, but they returned to pre-conflict levels within eight weeks [1][3]. Group 2: Mechanisms Behind Price Fluctuations - Short-term price increases are driven by risk channels, where market panic over supply disruptions raises the convenience yield of holding oil contracts [2]. - In the long term, economic activity channels take precedence, as geopolitical tensions can dampen global demand and suppress investment and consumption, ultimately lowering oil prices [3]. Group 3: Supply Shortages and Economic Impact - Research from the Dallas Fed indicates that even significant supply shortages, akin to those in 1973 or 1979, would only impact economic output by 0.12% [4]. - This suggests that unless geopolitical risks materialize into actual supply disruptions, oil price increases driven by geopolitical events are unlikely to trigger severe economic recessions [4]. Group 4: Industry Perspectives on Price Predictions - Energy industry leaders, such as Lorenzo Simonelli from Baker Hughes, advise against attempting to predict oil prices, emphasizing the unpredictability of market movements [5][6]. - Meg O'Neill, CEO of Woodside Energy, acknowledges that while long-term prices are significantly affected, the market's fear of potential disruptions, particularly in the Strait of Hormuz, drives investor sentiment [7][8]. Group 5: Historical Context and Market Reactions - The International Monetary Fund's report indicates that geopolitical risk events since World War II have generally led to only minor, short-lived declines in stock prices, with most markets recovering quickly [9]. - The 1973 oil embargo remains a notable exception, as its effects lingered for 12 months, highlighting that while historical patterns suggest limited impacts, actual supply disruptions can have lasting consequences [9].