稳定币，其实是一种落后的制度安排

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the recent regulatory developments regarding stablecoins in the US, EU, and Hong Kong, highlighting that stablecoins represent a relatively outdated monetary system characterized by rigid reserves, fixed prices, and strict regulatory constraints [2][15]. Group 1: Definition and Purpose of Stablecoins - Stablecoins are not a new concept, with existing examples like USDT and USDC, and they serve as a stable medium for trading digital assets due to the volatility of cryptocurrencies [4][6]. - Governments are motivated to regulate stablecoins to incorporate them into the financial system, embrace technological advancements, and increase the reserve of US dollars and US Treasury bonds, which currently amount to approximately $1.8 trillion in stablecoin holdings [5][6]. Group 2: Characteristics of Stablecoins - Stablecoins are defined by several common characteristics: they are pegged to fiat currencies, require 1:1 reserves of fiat or short-term government bonds, are subject to strict regulatory oversight, and cannot pay interest to holders [6][7]. - They are seen as a form of currency with asset properties, primarily used for payment and settlement [7]. Group 3: Historical Context and Evolution - The evolution of currency has seen a shift from physical commodities like gold to more efficient forms of money, such as banknotes, which were initially backed by gold reserves [8][9]. - The introduction of central banks and the end of the gold standard led to the current fiat currency system, where the stability of currency value is maintained through government intervention [10][12]. Group 4: Critique of Stablecoin Regulations - The article argues that the current regulatory framework for stablecoins is flawed, as it imposes strict asset reserve requirements that may not be sustainable in the long term, potentially leading to liquidity issues [20][21]. - Fixed pricing mechanisms in stablecoins are criticized for being unable to adapt to market demands, which could lead to systemic risks similar to those seen during the collapse of the Bretton Woods system [22][23]. Group 5: Future Prospects for Stablecoins - The introduction of stablecoin regulations marks a significant acknowledgment of the legitimacy of private currency issuance, which could lead to increased market participation and liquidity [29][30]. - However, the long-term viability of stablecoins will be constrained by current regulatory frameworks, which may hinder their ability to compete with traditional fiat currencies [31][34].