数说者·2025-06-23 15:03Core Viewpoint - The article analyzes the asset and loan structure of major commercial banks in China, focusing on the comparison between corporate and personal loans as of the end of 2024 and the beginning of 2025, highlighting the dominance of corporate loans in most banks' portfolios [1][5]. Asset Overview - As of the end of 2024, major commercial banks have total assets exceeding 40 trillion yuan, with six state-owned banks and seven national joint-stock banks having total assets over 50 trillion yuan by March 2025 [1][2]. - The "Big Four" banks (ICBC, ABC, CCB, and BOC) each have total assets exceeding 35 trillion yuan, with ICBC surpassing 50 trillion yuan [1][2]. Loan Structure - Loans constitute the primary asset for these banks, with the "Big Four" having total loans exceeding 20 trillion yuan each by the end of 2024 [3]. - CCB has the highest loan-to-asset ratio at 63.58%, while Postal Savings Bank has the lowest at 52.17% [3][4]. Corporate vs. Personal Loans - Most major banks, except Postal Savings Bank, China Merchants Bank, and Ping An Bank, have corporate loans making up over 50% of their total loans [5]. - By the end of 2024, CCB, ICBC, and ABC had corporate loans exceeding 13 trillion yuan each, while Postal Savings Bank and others had corporate loans exceeding 3 trillion yuan [5][6]. Personal Loan Composition - Personal loans are primarily housing loans for the "Big Four," with CCB's housing loans making up 69.67% of its personal loans [8][9]. - Postal Savings Bank's personal loans reached 4.77 trillion yuan, while China Merchants Bank's personal loans were at 3.64 trillion yuan [6][8]. Credit Card Balances - The "Big Four" banks have relatively low credit card balances as a percentage of personal loans, generally below 10%, but their absolute amounts are significant due to their large size [11]. - China Merchants Bank has a credit card balance of 947.84 billion yuan, surpassing that of ABC, ICBC, and BOC [11][12].