2024 年末我国商业银行整体不良贷款率为 1.50% ， 2025 年 6 月末为 1.49% ，较 2020 年 9 月时的 1.96% 已经大幅下降。 自 2020 年 9 月末以来我国商业银行整体不良贷款率基本一直处于下降过程 。与 不良率走势对应，商业银行整体不良贷款拨备覆盖率自 2020 年 9 月末来不断上升， 2024 年末达到 211.19% ， 2025 年 6 月末为 211.97% 。我国商业银行 资产质量整体稳定良好 。 然而由于商业银行资产规模在不断扩大，因此虽然不良率下降， 不良贷款余额则在不断攀升 。 2024 年末商业银行不良贷款余额达到 3.28万 亿元 ， 2025 年 6 月末达到了 3.43万 亿元 。十年前的 2014 年末仅为 0. 84 万 亿元 。 随着不良贷款余额增长，不良贷款处置规模越来越大。 商业银行都有哪些处置不良贷款的手段呢？ 根据招商银行 2024 年年报公布： 报告期内共处置不良贷款 629.02 亿元，其中， 常规核销 304.01 亿元，不良资产证券化 225.69 亿元，清收 75.99 亿元，通过抵债、转让、重组上迁、减免等其他方式处 置 ...

江苏银行是江苏省级城市商业银行，南京银行是江苏省会副省级城市南京的市属商业银行。两家银 行总部均位于江苏南京，且均实力强劲，在全国城商行中排名前五。现对两家银行进行对比分析。 出身和级别 江苏银行是 2007 年 1 月份在江苏省内无锡、苏州、常州、南通、淮安、徐州、镇江、扬州、盐城 和连云港 10 市的城商行合并重组 而成城市商业银行（ 基本把除南京以外的城市商业银行进行了合并。 现在的苏州银行是由前江苏东吴农商行改制成城商行 ）。 | 前十大股东 | 持股比例 | 备注 | | --- | --- | --- | | 江苏省国际信托有限责任公司 | 6. 98% | 省属国企 | | 江苏凤凰出版传媒集团有限公司 | 6. 93% | 省属国企 | | 香港中央结算有限公司 | 5. 33% | | | 华泰证券股份有限公司 | 5.03% | 省属国企 | | 江苏宁沪高速公路股份有限公司 | 3.93% | 省属国企 | | 无锡市建设发展投资有限公司 | 3. 87% | 市属国企 | | 江苏省投资管理有限责任公司 | 3.02% | 省属国企 | | 江苏省广播电视集团有限公司 | 3.00% ...

甘肃省共有 2 家本土城市商业银行，分别是 甘肃银行 和 兰州银行 ，那两家银行到底谁更胜一筹 呢？下面对两家银行进行对比分析。 出身和级别 甘肃银行是由甘肃省政府主导于 2011 年 9 月在合并重组 平凉市 和 白银市 两市的城商行，并联合 甘肃省公路航空旅游投资集团有限公司、酒钢集团等省属国有大中型企业及其他发起人共同设立的 省 级城市商业银行 。 截至 2024 年末，甘肃银行前十大股东如下表： | 前十大股东 | 持股比例 | 备注 | | --- | --- | --- | | 甘肃省公路航空旅游投资集团有限公司 | 17. 63% | 省属国企 | | 甘肃省国有资产投资集团有限公司 | 12. 67% | 省属国企 | | 甘肃金融控股集团有限公司 | 8. 29% | 省属国企 | | 金川集团股份有限公司 | 6. 53% | 省属国企 | | 酒泉钢铁(集团)有限责任公司 | 6. 53% | 省属国企 | | 蒙商银行股份有限公司 | 5. 61% | 外省国企 | | 甘肃省新业资产经营有限责任公司 | 4. 48% | 省属国企 | | 甘肃省电力投资集团有限责任公司 | 4. 2 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the current state of personal housing loans in China, highlighting the significant role of major banks in this sector and the rising non-performing loan (NPL) rates due to a sluggish real estate market [2][3][4]. Group 1: Personal Housing Loan Balances - As of June 2025, the total personal housing loan balance in China reached 37.74 trillion yuan, with the top eight banks accounting for 73.17% of this total [2]. - The major banks' personal housing loan balances as of June 2025 are as follows: Industrial and Commercial Bank of China (ICBC) at 6.05 trillion yuan, China Construction Bank (CCB) at 6.15 trillion yuan, and Agricultural Bank of China (ABC) at 4.93 trillion yuan [3][4]. Group 2: Non-Performing Loan Rates - The NPL rate for personal housing loans at ICBC increased to 0.86% by June 2025, up from 0.73% at the end of 2024, marking a significant rise over the past five years [4][5]. - Other major banks also reported NPL rates exceeding 0.7%, indicating a widespread issue across the banking sector [5]. Group 3: Measures to Address NPLs - In response to rising NPLs, banks have increasingly turned to the securitization of personal housing loans as a means to manage these assets [8][11]. - The number of securitization projects has grown from 6 in 2020 to 29 in 2024, with 19 projects already completed in the first half of 2025 [8][13]. - The total amount of personal housing NPLs disposed of through securitization reached 70.11 billion yuan in 2024, with 49.59 billion yuan disposed of in the first half of 2025 [11][14]. Group 4: Impact on Housing Market - The increase in securitization and the corresponding rise in the number of disposed loans suggest that banks may become significant sellers of housing, potentially impacting housing prices negatively [16][26]. - The number of housing units associated with disposed NPLs reached 83,779 in the first half of 2025, indicating a substantial volume of properties being sold off [16][26].

Core Viewpoint - The article compares two local commercial banks in Hubei Province, Hubei Bank and Hankou Bank, analyzing their backgrounds, financial performance, and operational metrics to determine which bank is superior [2][3]. Group 1: Background and Ownership - Hubei Bank was established in early 2010 through the merger of five city commercial banks in Hubei Province [3]. - The top shareholders of Hubei Bank include state-owned enterprises such as Hubei Hongtai Group (19.99%) and Hubei Transportation Investment Group (17.64%) [3]. - Hankou Bank originated from the Wuhan City Cooperative Bank established in 1997 and was renamed in 2008 [3]. - The top shareholders of Hankou Bank include Wuhan Financial Holding Group (11.62%) and Lenovo Holdings (11.10%) [5]. Group 2: Capital Market Status - As of now, neither Hubei Bank nor Hankou Bank is listed on the capital market [6]. Group 3: Operational Scope - Hubei Bank has 269 branches covering all 17 cities and 59 counties in Hubei Province, with no branches outside the province [7]. - Hankou Bank has 217 branches, with 147 located in Wuhan, and has established a branch in Chongqing [7]. Group 4: Subsidiaries - Hubei Bank holds a 31.91% stake in a consumer finance company [8]. - Hankou Bank controls two rural banks and has a 25% stake in a financial leasing company [8]. Group 5: Employee Metrics - Hubei Bank employs 5,952 staff, with 9.66% holding master's degrees or higher [9]. - Hankou Bank has 5,190 employees, with 18.02% holding graduate degrees or higher [10]. Group 6: Financial Performance - As of 2024, Hubei Bank's total assets are 523.11 billion, while Hankou Bank's total assets are 554.85 billion [12]. - Hubei Bank's net profit attributable to shareholders is 26.58 billion, significantly higher than Hankou Bank's 10.55 billion [12]. - Hubei Bank's non-performing loan ratio is 1.95%, better than Hankou Bank's 2.87% [14]. Group 7: Long-term Trends - Over the past decade, Hankou Bank's total assets have consistently exceeded those of Hubei Bank, but Hubei Bank's growth rate has been faster, reducing the gap from 64.55% in 2019 to 94.32% in 2024 [15]. - Hubei Bank's operating income has surpassed Hankou Bank's since 2019, with Hankou Bank's income at only 87% of Hubei Bank's in 2024 [17]. Group 8: Business Structure - Both banks primarily generate revenue from net interest income, but Hubei Bank's reliance on this has decreased from 95.39% in 2018 to 73.83% in 2024 [22]. - Hubei Bank's net interest margin has declined from 2.61% in 2020 to 1.62% in 2024, while Hankou Bank's has increased slightly from 1.02% to 1.33% [24]. Group 9: Asset Quality - Both banks have high non-performing loan ratios, with Hubei Bank's being lower than Hankou Bank's [29]. - Hubei Bank's provision coverage ratio is 236.22%, significantly higher than Hankou Bank's 148.66% [14][33]. Group 10: Compensation and Employee Costs - Hankou Bank's total employee cost in 2024 is 1.754 billion, higher than Hubei Bank's 1.694 billion, leading to a higher average salary at Hankou Bank [36].

| 单位:万亿元 | 贷款余额 | 个人贷款 | 个人住房贷款 | 个人贷款占 | 个人住房贷款占 | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | | | 余额 | 余额 | 全部贷款比 | 全部贷款比 | | 工商银行 | 28. 37 | 8.96 | 6.08 | 31.57% | 21. 44% | | 建设银行 | 25. 84 | 8.87 | 6. 19 | 34. 33% | 23.94% | | 农业银行 | 24. 86 | 8.81 | 4.98 | 35.46% | 20. 05% | | 中国银行 | 21. 54 | 6.03 | 4.09 | 28.00% | 18. 98% | | 邮储银行 | 8.91 | 4.77 | 2. 38 | 53.53% | 26.73% | | 交通银行 | 8.56 | 2.75 | 1.47 | 32. 17% | 17.14% | 2024 年末，六大行住房贷款余额及占比如下表（单位：万亿元）： 相信很多人已经体会到房价出现了低迷，《 多个省份的房价已经回到了8 年 前 》一文也通过对国 家统计局公布的 ...

Core Viewpoint - The average housing prices in many provinces have returned to levels seen in 2017, indicating a stabilization in the real estate market across various regions of China [2][3][5][8][10][13][14][18][20][23][25][28][30][33][35][38][39][43][45][48][50][53][55][58][60][63][66][69][71][74][76]. Summary by Region North China - Beijing's average new housing price in the first half of 2025 is approximately 32,213 CNY per square meter, returning to around 2017 levels [2] - Tianjin's average new housing price is about 14,250 CNY per square meter, back to early 2017 levels [3] - Hebei's average new housing price is around 7,901 CNY per square meter, reverting to early 2020 levels [5] - Shanxi's average new housing price is approximately 6,954 CNY per square meter, returning to early 2018 levels [8] - Inner Mongolia's average new housing price is about 6,269 CNY per square meter, back to late 2019 levels [10] Northeast China - Heilongjiang's average new housing price is approximately 6,051 CNY per square meter, returning to early 2017 levels [13] - Jilin's average new housing price is around 6,471 CNY per square meter, reverting to early 2018 levels [14] - Liaoning's average new housing price is about 7,800 CNY per square meter, back to early 2019 levels [18] East China - Shandong's average new housing price is approximately 7,740 CNY per square meter, returning to early 2019 levels [20] - Jiangsu's average new housing price is around 9,887 CNY per square meter, reverting to mid-2018 levels [23] - Shanghai's average new housing price is about 42,168 CNY per square meter, back to mid-2021 levels [25] - Zhejiang's average new housing price is approximately 15,440 CNY per square meter, returning to 2019 levels [28] - Anhui's average new housing price is around 6,786 CNY per square meter, reverting to early 2018 levels [30] - Fujian's average new housing price is about 10,366 CNY per square meter, back to mid-2018 levels [33] Central South China - Henan's average new housing price is approximately 6,331 CNY per square meter, returning to early 2019 levels [38] - Hubei's average new housing price is around 7,696 CNY per square meter, reverting to 2017 levels [39] - Hunan's average new housing price is about 5,862 CNY per square meter, back to early 2019 levels [43] - Guangdong's average new housing price is approximately 15,403 CNY per square meter, returning to 2020 levels [45] - Guangxi's average new housing price is around 5,384 CNY per square meter, reverting to early 2017 levels [48] - Hainan's average new housing price is about 16,649 CNY per square meter, back to 2020 levels [50] Southwest China - Chongqing's average new housing price is approximately 6,623 CNY per square meter, returning to early 2017 levels [53] - Sichuan's average new housing price is around 8,405 CNY per square meter, showing significant fluctuations [55] - Yunnan's average new housing price is about 6,538 CNY per square meter, reverting to early 2018 levels [58] - Guizhou's average new housing price is approximately 5,443 CNY per square meter, back to mid-2018 levels [60] Northwest China - Shaanxi's average new housing price is around 10,428 CNY per square meter, returning to mid-2023 levels [66] - Gansu's average new housing price is approximately 5,911 CNY per square meter, reverting to 2018 levels [69] - Ningxia's average new housing price is about 6,296 CNY per square meter, back to early 2020 levels [71] - Qinghai's average new housing price is around 6,762 CNY per square meter, reverting to early 2019 levels [74] - Xinjiang's average new housing price is approximately 5,942 CNY per square meter, returning to 2018 levels [76]

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the decline in housing prices across various cities in China, highlighting the changes in new and second-hand residential property prices since September 2021, and provides insights into the current state of the real estate market based on statistical data from the National Bureau of Statistics [2][3][10]. Group 1: New Housing Price Trends - From the new residential sales price index of 70 major cities, new housing prices have shown a continuous month-on-month decline since September 2021, with a slight positive growth observed in the first five months of 2023 [3][10]. - The decline in new housing prices is more pronounced in third-tier cities, which began experiencing negative month-on-month growth from September 2021, while second-tier cities started this trend in October 2021, and first-tier cities followed in September 2022 [5][10]. Group 2: Second-Hand Housing Price Trends - The second-hand housing market has also seen a continuous month-on-month decline since September 2021, with a greater decrease in prices compared to new homes [7][9]. - Similar to new housing, first-tier cities have shown relatively stronger price stability compared to second and third-tier cities, with significant declines starting later and being less severe [9][10]. Group 3: Sales Volume and Average Price Analysis - In the first half of 2025, the national new commodity housing sales area was approximately 45.851 million square meters, down 3.5% year-on-year, while the sales amount was 442.41 billion yuan, down 5.5% year-on-year [11][12]. - The average price of new commodity housing in the first half of 2025 is estimated to be around 9,649 yuan per square meter, which is comparable to the average price from five years ago [11]. - The average price of new residential housing is approximately 10,128 yuan per square meter, indicating a return to levels seen 4-5 years ago [12]. Group 4: Regional Price Variations - In Zhejiang, the average price of new commodity housing in the first half of 2025 is about 15,440 yuan per square meter, returning to 2019 levels [14]. - In Jiangsu, the average price is approximately 9,887 yuan per square meter, reflecting levels from the first half of 2018 [17]. - Other provinces such as Guangdong, Yunnan, and Sichuan also show average prices returning to levels from previous years, indicating a widespread trend across different regions [18][20][21].

Core Viewpoint - The article provides a comparative analysis of two urban commercial banks in Guizhou Province: Guizhou Bank and Guiyang Bank, highlighting their differences in ownership structure, financial performance, and operational metrics [2][3][4]. Ownership and Structure - Guizhou Bank was formed in 2012 through the merger of three city commercial banks and is primarily owned by the Guizhou Provincial Finance Department, holding 20% of shares [3]. - Guiyang Bank originated from 25 urban credit cooperatives in 1997 and is mainly owned by the Guiyang State-owned Assets Investment Management Company, with a 12.82% stake [4][5]. Capital Market Presence - Guizhou Bank was listed on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange in 2019, making it the first financial institution from Guizhou to enter the international capital market [6]. - Guiyang Bank was listed on the Shanghai Stock Exchange in 2016 [7]. Operational Scope - Both banks operate branches across nine cities in Guizhou Province, with Guiyang Bank also having a branch in Chengdu, Sichuan. Guiyang Bank generates 94.48% of its revenue from Guizhou, with 50.38% from Guiyang city [8]. - As of the end of 2024, Guizhou Bank has 222 branches, while Guiyang Bank has 296 branches [8]. Subsidiaries - Guizhou Bank currently has no subsidiaries [9]. - Guiyang Bank operates two subsidiaries: one in Sichuan and another in Guiyang [9]. Employee Metrics - As of the end of 2024, Guizhou Bank employs 5,604 staff, with 7.42% holding a master's degree or higher [10]. - Guiyang Bank has 5,888 employees, including 1,440 at the headquarters, with 9.22% holding a master's degree or higher [10]. Financial Performance - In 2024, Guizhou Bank reported total assets of 589.99 billion, while Guiyang Bank reported 705.67 billion [11]. - Guizhou Bank's net profit attributable to shareholders was 3.779 billion, compared to Guiyang Bank's 5.164 billion [11]. - Guiyang Bank has a lower non-performing loan ratio of 1.58% compared to Guizhou Bank's 1.72% [11][12]. Long-term Growth Trends - Over the past decade, both banks have seen asset growth, with Guiyang Bank consistently outperforming Guizhou Bank, although the gap has narrowed from 62% of Guiyang Bank's assets in 2016 to 84% in 2024 [13]. - In terms of operating income, Guiyang Bank's revenue has also been higher, but Guizhou Bank's share of Guiyang Bank's revenue increased from 69% in 2017 to 83% in 2024 [16]. Business Structure - Both banks primarily generate revenue from net interest income, with Guizhou Bank's share declining from over 100% in 2017 to 73.86% in 2024, while Guiyang Bank's share remained relatively stable at 74.48% [20]. - The loan structure is predominantly corporate loans, with Guizhou Bank maintaining around 85% and Guiyang Bank increasing from 69.71% in 2015 to 82.2% in 2024 [27]. Asset Quality - Guizhou Bank has a higher non-performing loan ratio but a better provision coverage ratio compared to Guiyang Bank, indicating a mixed assessment of asset quality [36][33]. Employee Compensation - In 2024, Guiyang Bank's employee compensation was 2.525 billion, while Guizhou Bank's was 2.244 billion, reflecting a similar average salary due to the difference in employee numbers [37]. Conclusion - Overall, Guiyang Bank, as a city-level bank, has maintained a larger scale than Guizhou Bank, a provincial-level bank, but the gap is closing. Both banks exhibit similar business structures and operational focuses, with comparable asset quality metrics [40].

Core Viewpoint - The article provides a comparative analysis of Hunan Bank and Changsha Bank, highlighting their differences in ownership structure, financial performance, and operational scale. Group 1: Background and Ownership - Hunan Bank was established in 2010 from the merger of several banks and credit cooperatives, with Hunan Financial Holdings becoming the largest shareholder after a series of ownership changes [3][4]. - Changsha Bank originated from 14 urban credit cooperatives in 1997 and has undergone several name changes, with the Changsha Municipal Finance Bureau being its largest shareholder [5][6]. Group 2: Capital Market Presence - Hunan Bank has not yet entered the capital market and remains unlisted [8]. - In contrast, Changsha Bank was listed on the Shanghai Stock Exchange in 2018, with the stock code 601577.SH [9]. Group 3: Operational Scope - Hunan Bank operates exclusively within Hunan Province, with 224 branches as of the end of 2024 [10]. - Changsha Bank has a broader operational footprint, with 411 branches, including one in Guangzhou, while generating 65.76% of its revenue from Changsha [10][11]. Group 4: Financial Performance - As of 2024, Hunan Bank's total assets were 565.34 billion, while Changsha Bank's total assets exceeded 1 trillion, indicating a significant scale difference [14]. - Changsha Bank's operating income was 259.36 billion, compared to Hunan Bank's 114.02 billion, with net profit figures showing a similar disparity [14]. - Hunan Bank's net interest margin was 1.63%, significantly lower than Changsha Bank's 2.11% [16][26]. Group 5: Asset Quality - Changsha Bank consistently maintains a lower non-performing loan (NPL) ratio, recorded at 1.17% in 2024, compared to Hunan Bank's 1.65% [16][28]. - The provision coverage ratio for Changsha Bank was 312.80%, indicating stronger asset quality management compared to Hunan Bank's 176.19% [14][33]. Group 6: Employee Compensation - In 2024, Changsha Bank's total employee compensation was 4.327 billion, significantly higher than Hunan Bank's 1.816 billion, reflecting a more competitive salary structure [37]. - The average salary for employees at Changsha Bank was 442,500, compared to Hunan Bank's 369,800 [37]. Group 7: Long-term Trends - Over the past decade, Changsha Bank's total assets have consistently outpaced Hunan Bank's, with the asset ratio increasing from 1.35 times to 2.03 times [17]. - Revenue and profit growth for Changsha Bank has also been more robust, with operating income and net profit ratios expanding significantly compared to Hunan Bank [19][22]. Group 8: Business Structure - Changsha Bank's revenue is primarily driven by net interest income, maintaining around 80% of total income, while Hunan Bank's reliance on interest income has fluctuated, dropping to 71.52% in 2024 [23][25]. - Hunan Bank's loan-to-asset ratio is higher, but its lower net interest margin indicates less efficiency in generating income from its loan portfolio [29][27]. Group 9: Conclusion - Overall, Changsha Bank has established itself as a larger, more efficient, and higher-quality institution compared to Hunan Bank, despite Hunan Bank's higher administrative level [7][39][40].