欧洲和中国，开抢美国科学家

Core Viewpoint - A significant number of American researchers are considering leaving the U.S. due to drastic cuts in research funding, with over 75% contemplating relocation, particularly to Europe and Canada [1][2][10]. Funding Cuts - The U.S. has seen severe reductions in research budgets, with the National Institutes of Health (NIH) budget cut by 40% and the National Science Foundation (NSF) budget slashed by 57% [4][5]. - Other fields have also experienced substantial funding cuts, with biology, engineering, and education seeing reductions of over 70%, while computer science, mathematics, and physics faced cuts of 60% [8]. Talent Migration - The increase in American researchers seeking opportunities abroad is notable, with applications to Europe rising by 32% and interest in Canadian positions increasing by 41% [1][10]. - European countries are actively trying to attract American talent, with the EU planning to add €500 million in budget from 2025 to 2027 to enhance their appeal to researchers [12]. Chinese Recruitment - China is also in the race to attract American scientists, particularly targeting those of Chinese descent, with a significant increase in the number of Chinese scientists returning to China [13][15]. - From 2010 to 2021, nearly 20,000 Chinese scientists left the U.S., with a 75% increase in departures after 2018, largely due to the "China Initiative" that targeted Chinese researchers [15]. Global Research Landscape Shift - The ongoing talent exodus from the U.S. is indicative of a larger shift in the global research landscape, with countries like Japan and institutions in Hong Kong also ramping up efforts to recruit international scholars [22][23]. - The historical dominance of the U.S. in global research is being challenged, as the country dismantles its long-standing research networks, leading to a potential reconfiguration of scientific leadership worldwide [25].