人工合成酶效率飙升100倍！生物制造或迎技术革命

Core Viewpoint - Israeli scientists from the Weizmann Institute have developed a new computer algorithm based on enzyme principles to design highly efficient synthetic enzymes, achieving 100 times the efficiency of AI-designed enzymes, marking a new phase in "on-demand" enzyme customization [1][2]. Group 1: Algorithm Development - Traditional computer algorithms for enzyme design are often inefficient and require extensive laboratory optimization [2]. - The research team utilized "Kemp elimination" as a case study, collecting natural enzyme data and decomposing protein sequences into fragments, which were then recombined to identify the optimal chemical "skeleton" [2]. - The algorithm challenged the traditional belief that enzyme active sites require cyclic amino acids, showing that non-cyclic structures can be more efficient, significantly enhancing catalytic efficiency [2][3]. Group 2: Synthetic Enzyme Characteristics - The resulting synthetic enzyme differs from natural enzymes by over 140 amino acid sequences but demonstrates comparable catalytic efficiency [3]. - The current synthetic protein structure remains simpler than natural enzymes, with future research focusing on complex multi-step reactions, such as those catalyzed by the key photosynthetic enzyme rubisco [3]. Group 3: Future Directions - While AI protein design has been prevalent over the past decade, it primarily mimics existing enzymes; the new algorithm constructs enzymes based on physical principles [3]. - The research team acknowledges that AI is irreplaceable for certain protein designs but struggles with complex catalytic reactions, suggesting a need for complementary approaches to achieve optimal enzyme designs [3]. Group 4: Upcoming Events - The 4th Synthetic Biology and Green Bio-Manufacturing Conference (SynBioCon 2025) will be held from August 20-22 in Ningbo, Zhejiang, focusing on the intersection of AI and biological manufacturing, along with four application areas: green chemicals and new materials, future food, future agriculture, and beauty raw materials [5].