既然股票长期收益率是最高的，那还有必要投资黄金和债券吗？

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the importance of understanding risks associated with stock investments, highlighting that while stocks may offer higher long-term returns compared to gold and bonds, they also come with significant risks that investors often overlook [2][3]. Group 1: Stock Market Returns and Risks - Over the past 20 years, the annualized return of the CSI 300 index was 7.91%, but it experienced a maximum drawdown of 72.3%. In comparison, the NASDAQ 100 had an annualized return of 14.34% with a maximum drawdown of 53.71% [4]. - The volatility of global stock markets is significant, and while the CSI 300 may show strong gains in certain years, it is often followed by substantial corrections and risks [5]. - Many investors lack the capacity to endure large fluctuations in stock prices, leading them to sell at a loss before recovering from downturns [7]. Group 2: Performance Comparison with Bonds and Gold - In the past decade, gold achieved an annualized return of 13.03%, while the CSI 300 had an annualized return of -1.8%. Over the last three years, the annualized return of Chinese bonds was 4.93%, significantly outperforming the CSI 300's -3.63% [8]. - Stock returns are tied to corporate earnings, which can be adversely affected by economic downturns, industry changes, and policy shifts. During such times, bonds and commodities may perform better due to their low correlation with stocks [8]. Group 3: Investor Behavior and Market Realities - The actual returns for investors differ from theoretical stock market returns, largely due to individual investor behavior. Many investors mistakenly believe they can easily buy low and sell high, which is often an illusion created by hindsight [9]. - Historical trends indicate that only 20% of investors possess the necessary knowledge and strategies to achieve long-term profits, while 80% do not, leading to negative returns [10]. Group 4: Investment Strategy and Asset Allocation - A balanced investment strategy that includes stocks, bonds, and commodities can enhance risk-adjusted returns. For example, a portfolio consisting of 60% stocks, 30% bonds, and 10% gold showed a cumulative return of over 100% in the past seven years, with a maximum drawdown of only 7.67% [10][12]. - The proposed investment allocation includes 60% in equity funds, 30% in bond funds, and 10% in commodity funds, which can effectively reduce overall portfolio volatility and improve long-term performance [12][14].