《柳叶刀》全球糖尿病地图发布：8.2亿成人罹患！中印美居首

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights a significant global diabetes crisis, with the number of adult diabetes patients skyrocketing from 200 million in 1990 to 828 million in 2022, marking an increase of over 300% [4][5][6]. Global Diabetes Trends - The study analyzed data from 1.41 billion participants across 1108 population-representative studies, revealing that diabetes has transitioned from a "disease of affluence" to a widespread public health challenge affecting all demographics [5][6]. - The highest prevalence of diabetes is found in low- and middle-income countries, particularly in regions such as Southeast Asia, South Asia, the Middle East, North Africa, and Latin America [4][5][7]. Patient Distribution and Demographics - As of 2022, the top three countries with the highest number of diabetes patients are India (212 million), China (148 million), and the United States [6]. - The age-standardized prevalence of diabetes in 2022 shows a slight male predominance (14.3%) over females (13.9%), although the total number of female patients (420 million) exceeds that of males (408 million) [6]. Treatment Gaps - Alarmingly, 59% of diabetes patients aged 30 and above globally did not receive any treatment in 2022, a 3.5-fold increase since 1990 [9][10]. - India and China are identified as the countries with the highest number of untreated patients, with India having 133 million untreated cases compared to China's 78 million [9]. Regional Treatment Disparities - Treatment coverage has improved in Central and Western Europe and some Latin American countries, while regions like sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia show little to no improvement, with some African countries having treatment coverage below 10% [9][10]. - High-income countries generally maintain treatment coverage above 55%, contrasting sharply with the dire situation in many low-income regions [9]. Recommendations for Improvement - The article emphasizes the urgent need for systemic reforms in diabetes care, particularly in low- and middle-income countries, to enhance early screening and standardized treatment [11]. - It suggests that expanding insurance coverage and strengthening primary healthcare systems are critical steps to address the growing diabetes burden [11].