独家洞察 | 利率集体跳水？欧洲三国宽松货币周期开启！

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the article highlights the synchronized shift towards accommodative monetary policies by Switzerland, Sweden, and Norway in response to global economic slowdown and rising trade tensions, aiming to boost economic growth and stabilize weak inflation levels [1][4][6] Group 2 - The Swiss National Bank announced a 25 basis point cut to 0% on June 19, marking its sixth rate cut since March 2024 and the end of a two-and-a-half-year period of positive interest rates, driven by easing inflation pressures and a weakening global economic outlook [3][4] - Sweden's central bank lowered its benchmark rate from 2.25% to 2.00%, the second cut this year, to stabilize inflation around the 2% target and stimulate weak domestic demand amid slowing GDP growth and a depressed housing market [3][4] - Norway's central bank also cut rates by 25 basis points to 4.25%, the first reduction since 2020, with expectations of further cuts by the end of the year, potentially bringing rates down to 3.75% [3][4] Group 3 - The primary reasons for the collective rate cuts by European central banks include persistently weak inflation and the appreciation of local currencies, which pressure exports and financial market stability [4][5] - Weak inflation provides a "room for relaxation" in monetary policy, as commodity prices stabilize and supply chains recover, leading to a gradual decline in inflation rates across Europe [5][6] - The appreciation of local currencies, such as the Swiss franc, significantly hampers export competitiveness, with the USD/CHF exchange rate dropping nearly 10% by 2025, creating pressure on export-driven economies like Switzerland [5][6] Group 4 - The global economic integration means trade conflicts can lead to reduced investment and consumer confidence, particularly affecting small open economies like Norway and Sweden, prompting central banks to pursue monetary easing to lower financing costs and stabilize market expectations [6] - The collective rate cuts signal a strong message that global economic uncertainty is reshaping national policy orientations, with monetary policy returning to a loose stance to support economic stability amid inflation decline and trade tensions [6]