年年都称史上最热夏天，但欧洲人为什么就不装空调？

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the increasing heat waves in Europe and the challenges related to air conditioning adoption, highlighting the low penetration rate of air conditioning in European households compared to countries like China and the U.S. [3][4] Group 1: Current Climate Situation - Europe is experiencing unprecedented heat waves, with temperatures reaching as high as 35 degrees Celsius in typically cooler regions like Amsterdam [3]. - The average temperature in summer for cities like Paris is around 25 degrees Celsius, while Berlin experiences temperatures between 15 to 25 degrees Celsius [9]. Group 2: Air Conditioning Penetration and Challenges - Air conditioning penetration in Europe is significantly low, with only 20% of households having air conditioning, and even lower rates in countries like Germany (3%) and the UK (3%) [3]. - The installation of air conditioning systems is complicated by legal and policy restrictions, requiring permits and approvals that can take months to obtain [6][7]. Group 3: Economic Considerations - The cost of air conditioning units in Europe ranges from 1,000 to 2,000 euros (approximately 8,440 to 16,880 RMB), which is considerably higher than in China [7][8]. - The average installation cost for air conditioning in France is between 850 to 1,900 euros, making it a significant financial burden for many residents [7]. Group 4: Usage Patterns and Alternatives - The short duration of high temperatures in many parts of Europe (typically 2-4 weeks) makes the investment in air conditioning less appealing [9]. - Many Europeans prefer to spend time in air-conditioned public spaces like shopping centers and cinemas rather than installing air conditioning at home [10]. Group 5: Health and Environmental Concerns - Extreme heat has led to health concerns, with studies indicating that heat waves could result in tens of thousands of heat-related deaths in Europe [12][13]. - The European Union faces a dilemma between increasing air conditioning use and meeting climate goals, as widespread air conditioning could exacerbate energy consumption and environmental issues [13].