心血管患者：体重增加=死亡风险升高

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the significant association between weight fluctuation and cardiovascular disease prognosis, highlighting the need for effective clinical weight management strategies for patients with obesity and cardiovascular conditions [6][9][11]. Group 1: Obesity and Cardiovascular Disease - Cardiovascular disease is the leading global health killer, with obesity identified as a key risk factor [6]. - Approximately 40% of adults in the U.S. face obesity issues, and the UK's National Health Service spends around £6 billion annually on obesity-related healthcare [6]. - Among cardiovascular disease patients, the obesity detection rate is as high as 38%, leading to severe impacts on quality of life and significant socio-economic burdens [6]. Group 2: Research Findings - A recent study published in the journal "Heart" utilized data from the UK Biobank to analyze the relationship between weight changes and cardiovascular outcomes [9]. - The study involved 8,297 obese patients with cardiovascular disease, revealing that significant weight gain is associated with increased risks of cardiovascular and all-cause mortality [10][11]. - The average age of participants was 56.6 years, with a median follow-up period of 13.9 years, providing clinically significant findings [9]. Group 3: Weight Fluctuation Impact - Over half (52.7%) of the patients maintained stable weight during the study, while 14.2% experienced significant weight loss (≥10 kg) and 5.1% had notable weight gain (≥10 kg) [10]. - Weight gain was linked to a 3.05-fold increase in cardiovascular death risk and a 1.93-fold increase in all-cause mortality risk, while weight loss did not show similar risk changes [10][11]. Group 4: Clinical Implications - The findings indicate that significant weight gain is an independent risk factor for poor prognosis in obese patients with cardiovascular disease [11]. - Future research should focus on understanding the biological mechanisms behind weight fluctuation and its impact on mortality risk, particularly the pathways leading to increased death rates due to weight gain [11]. - Clinicians are urged to monitor weight changes in cardiovascular patients closely and provide timely interventions for those experiencing significant weight increases to improve long-term outcomes [11].