特朗普签署稳定币GENIUS法案，将对美元美债等关键领域产生什么影响？｜国际

Core Viewpoint - The signing of the "GENIUS Act" by Trump represents an extension of U.S. dollar hegemony in the digital age, aiming to consolidate its status as a global reserve currency and create new demand for U.S. Treasury bonds through the regulation of stablecoins [1][9]. Summary by Relevant Sections GENIUS Act Overview - The GENIUS Act establishes a federal regulatory framework for U.S. dollar stablecoins while explicitly prohibiting the creation of central bank digital currencies (CBDCs) in the U.S. [6]. - Key provisions include strict reserve requirements, transparency and compliance mandates, a dual-track issuance qualification system, a ban on algorithmic stablecoins, and consumer protection measures [6]. Impact on U.S. Dollar and Treasury Bonds - The act aims to reinforce the dollar's position by integrating stablecoins into the dollar system, promoting compliant stablecoins as global cross-border payment tools, and increasing demand for U.S. Treasury bonds through mandatory reserve requirements [8]. - The Trump administration emphasizes that the act will create long-term demand for U.S. Treasury bonds, which will be backed by stablecoin reserves [3][8]. Effects on the Federal Reserve and International Monetary System - The act, in conjunction with the "Anti-CBDC Monitoring National Act," diminishes the likelihood of the Federal Reserve issuing a digital dollar, thereby preventing an expansion of government financial surveillance [8]. - The compliance of U.S. stablecoins may accelerate the replacement of smaller countries' currencies, particularly in emerging markets, prompting adjustments in digital currency strategies by other economies [8]. Market Reactions and Industry Implications - The market response has been mixed; compliant issuers like Coinbase saw stock price increases, while Circle faced a drop due to reserve adjustment pressures [8]. - The regulatory framework is expected to lower barriers for traditional institutions, encouraging banks and payment companies to engage in on-chain finance [8]. - The industry may experience a reshuffle, benefiting compliant leaders like USDC while non-compliant stablecoins like USDT may face market exit or reserve adjustment pressures [8].