Cancer Cell：中山大学徐瑞华团队发现，这种肠道细菌可增强癌症免疫治疗效果

Core Viewpoint - The emergence of immunotherapy has significantly changed the landscape of cancer treatment, but resistance to immunotherapy remains a major obstacle for its broader clinical application. Recent studies indicate that gut microbiota can enhance the efficacy of immunotherapy by modulating anti-tumor immunity [2]. Group 1: Research Findings - A study published by Professor Xu Ruihua's team from Sun Yat-sen University on July 24, 2025, in the journal Cancer Cell, demonstrates that the gut bacterium Alistipes finegoldii can enhance the efficacy of immunotherapy against solid tumors [3][4]. - The research found that a higher abundance of Alistipes finegoldii is associated with improved responses to immunotherapy, particularly enhancing the efficacy of anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibodies in solid tumor models [8]. - Alistipes finegoldii activates the CXCL16-CXCR6 signaling axis to boost anti-tumor immune responses, with lipoproteins derived from Alistipes finegoldii triggering the TLR2-NF-κB-CXCL16 signaling pathway [7][8]. Group 2: Mechanism of Action - The mechanism involves lipoproteins from Alistipes finegoldii binding to Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2), activating the NF-κB signaling pathway, which enhances the expression of CXCL16 in CCR7+ conventional dendritic cells [7]. - The released CXCL16 aids in recruiting CXCR6+ CD8+ T cells to the tumor microenvironment (TME), effectively inhibiting tumor growth [7][8]. Group 3: Implications for Treatment - Overall, the findings suggest that combining Alistipes finegoldii with immunotherapy could represent a new strategy for treating solid tumors [10].