Nature系列综述：浙江大学张进团队总结哺乳动物胚胎发育过程中关键发育事件的代谢调控

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the significant role of metabolic regulation in mammalian embryogenesis, challenging the traditional view that metabolism merely supports developmental processes passively [2][4]. Group 1: Metabolic Regulation in Early Development - Metabolic needs during early embryonic development are critical, with pyruvate being essential for maintaining redox balance [4]. - The metabolic remodeling drives zygotic genome activation (ZGA), where mitochondrial TCA cycle enzymes temporarily localize to the nucleus in a pyruvate-dependent manner, closely linked to epigenetic reprogramming [4]. - Lactate accumulation in early embryos is crucial, and inhibiting lactate production or uptake can halt development at the two-cell stage [4]. Group 2: Metabolic Changes During Blastocyst Formation - As embryos progress from the two-cell stage to the blastocyst stage, significant metabolic activity changes occur, including increased mitochondrial activity and enhanced pyruvate oxidation [4]. - The dynamic changes in lipids during this stage are vital for establishing polarity in the outer cells of the morula [4]. Group 3: Metabolic Activity During Implantation - Lipids and their derivatives are essential for blastocyst implantation, with fatty acid-related inflammatory responses aiding in establishing the maternal-fetal interface and optimizing uterine receptivity [4]. Group 4: Metabolic Features in Gastrulation and Organogenesis - Metabolic gradients, such as spatially and temporally specific glucose metabolism waves, play a regulatory role in gastrulation [4]. Group 5: Metabolic Characteristics of Embryo Dormancy - Increased autophagic activity generates more nutrients, and higher levels of taurine and hypotaurine provide antioxidant protection during embryo dormancy [4]. Group 6: Advanced Methods for Assessing Embryonic Metabolism - The article discusses advanced methods for evaluating embryonic metabolism, including metabolomics for small embryos, spatial metabolomics, and Raman spectroscopy for assessing embryo quality in vitro [4].