Core Viewpoint - Despite low nominal economic growth and subdued prices in the second quarter, A-shares have experienced a rapid rise, driven primarily by liquidity rather than fundamental economic improvements. This phenomenon is likened to a "water buffalo" market, where stock prices increase without corresponding improvements in economic indicators [2][6][7]. Group 1: Financial Cycle Perspective - The analysis suggests that understanding the recent stock market trends requires a shift from traditional economic cycle perspectives to financial cycle perspectives, as China has undergone significant financial cycle adjustments in recent years [7][6]. - Historical experiences from the U.S. during the financial cycle downturn, particularly post-2007 subprime crisis, show that stock markets can rise even when economic fundamentals are weak, driven by changes in private sector balance sheets and government policies [3][20][29]. - In contrast, Japan's financial cycle adjustments in the 1990s were less effective due to delayed policy responses and persistent debt issues, leading to weaker stock market performance compared to the U.S. [30][31]. Group 2: Current Chinese Market Dynamics - Since the fourth quarter of the previous year, market confidence in China's medium to long-term economic outlook has improved, particularly with the emergence of DeepSeek, despite ongoing adjustments in the real estate sector [4][10]. - The share of real estate in China's economy has significantly decreased, reducing its negative impact on overall economic performance, while policymakers have shown increased attention to economic and market conditions [4][52]. - The macro leverage ratio of the Chinese government has increased from 71% in 2022 to 88% in 2024, indicating a more restrained approach compared to the U.S. during its financial crisis [44][59]. Group 3: Risk Appetite and Market Behavior - The recent rise in A-shares is attributed to a decrease in equity risk premiums, with market participants showing a willingness to shift from safe assets to risk assets, particularly equities, as the perceived risks of economic downturns diminish [9][10][57]. - The correlation between government policy responses and market liquidity is highlighted, suggesting that increased fiscal and monetary policy efforts can enhance market sentiment and support stock market growth [29][59]. - The current financing and margin trading levels in A-shares are approaching historical highs, indicating potential for further market expansion if policy measures to address debt and improve balance sheets are intensified [64][65].
中金：宏观眼中的“水牛”