干细胞治疗糖尿病新突破：邓宏魁团队首次实现利用人iPSC制备内分泌细胞类型完备具有低血糖防护功能的胰岛

Core Viewpoint - The research on pluripotent stem cell-derived islets (PSC-islets) shows promising potential for treating diabetes by restoring blood glucose control through the transplantation of functional insulin-producing β cells [2][4]. Group 1: Research Findings - A study published in September 2024 demonstrated successful treatment of a type 1 diabetes patient using chemically reprogrammed pluripotent stem cell-derived islets (CiPSC-islets), resulting in the patient no longer needing external insulin therapy after one year [2]. - The research published in August 2025 established a method to generate islets with complete endocrine cell types from human pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), which effectively respond to blood glucose changes and provide hypoglycemia protection in diabetic mouse models [3][4]. - The newly constructed PSC-islets contain all five endocrine cell types (α, β, δ, ε, and γ), showcasing a robust protective effect against hypoglycemia, with only 3% of measurements falling below 54 mg/dL compared to 59% in the control group [4][10]. Group 2: Implications for Diabetes Treatment - The study highlights a strategy for controlling the relative abundance of endocrine subtypes in PSC-islets, laying the groundwork for calibrating blood glucose homeostasis and providing clear hypoglycemia protection post-transplantation [6]. - The engineered islet cell composition replicates the dual blood glucose regulation function of natural islets, which is crucial for achieving precise blood glucose control and minimizing hypoglycemia risks [8]. - This advancement offers further safety assurance for the clinical translation of stem cell-derived islets, potentially accelerating the clinical application of diabetes cell therapies [8].