美国政府要求英伟达上缴对华出口收入的15％

Core Viewpoint - Nvidia has resumed exports of AI semiconductors to China, specifically the "H20" product based on the "Hopper" architecture, which has significantly reduced performance compared to its advanced counterparts. This move is part of a broader negotiation with the U.S. government regarding semiconductor export controls and revenue sharing [2][6]. Group 1: Export Controls and Revenue Sharing - Nvidia and AMD will pay 15% of their sales revenue from AI semiconductors sold to China to the U.S. government [4]. - Initially, Trump proposed a 20% revenue share but agreed to reduce it to 15% after discussions with Nvidia's CEO Jensen Huang [5]. - Since 2022, the U.S. has implemented strict export controls on AI chips to China, citing concerns over military applications of American technology [6]. Group 2: Performance Reduction and Compliance - The "H20" product is a downgraded version of Nvidia's latest "Blackwell" architecture, designed to comply with U.S. export regulations [6]. - Trump indicated that if products like "Hopper" are downgraded, they could be allowed for export to China, suggesting a transactional approach to regulatory compliance [6]. Group 3: Domestic Criticism and Concerns - There is significant criticism within the U.S. regarding the revenue-sharing arrangement, with some experts labeling it as a dangerous precedent that could extend to other products and companies [7]. - Concerns have been raised that this approach undermines the credibility of U.S. security principles, as it may signal that security concerns can be negotiated through financial means [7]. Group 4: Security Concerns from China - China has raised concerns about potential security vulnerabilities in Nvidia's semiconductors, specifically the "H20" model, which they claim may contain backdoor features [9]. - Nvidia has denied the existence of any backdoors in their products, emphasizing compliance with U.S. regulations while maintaining their business interests in China [10].